2019-2023年某院所上报的抗菌药物相关药物不良反应的临床特点分析  

Analysis of Clinical Characteristics of Adverse Drug Reactions Related to Antibacterial Drugs Reported by a Hospital from 2019 to 2023

作　　者：顾雯雯 张蕾 GU Wen-wen;ZHANG Lei(Department of Pharmacy,Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Suzhou Jiangsu 215228,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属江苏盛泽医院药学部,江苏苏州215228

出　　处：《抗感染药学》2024年第11期1108-1112,共5页Anti-infection Pharmacy

基　　金：2024年度江苏盛泽医院“科研能力提升专项项目”(编号:WWKY202428)。

摘　　要：目的:分析2019-2023年医院所上报的抗菌药物相关药物不良反应(adverse drug reactions,ADRs)的临床特点,为进一步提高临床抗菌药物的用药安全提供参考。方法:选取2019年1月-2023年12月南京医科大学附属江苏盛泽医院上报至国家药品不良反应监测系统的239例抗菌药物相关ADRs报告作为研究资料,采集其中患者的年龄和性别、所涉药物的种类和剂型,以及ADRs的临床表现和转归情况,分析抗菌药物相关ADRs的流行病学特点。结果:239例抗菌药物相关ADRs报告中,所涉患者在性别上女性略多于男性(126例vs 113例),在年龄上整体分布较为均衡;239例ADRs报告共涉及抗菌药物245例次,其中以头孢菌素类为最多(129例次),其次为喹诺酮类(62例次),药物的给药方式绝大多数为静脉滴注(223例次);抗菌药物相关ADRs主要累及皮肤及其附件,其次为消化系统;在报告类型方面,239例ADRs报告以“一般”(183例)和“新的一般”(42例)为主,“严重”和“新的严重”分别仅12例和2例;经过处置,绝大多数(235例,占98.33%)患者痊愈或好转。结论:医院抗菌药物相关ADRs大多由头孢菌素类和喹诺酮类所致,多数ADRs表现并不严重,且转归良好,但临床仍要做好患者的用药监测,以保证患者的用药安全。Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)related to antibacterial drugs reported by the hospital from 2019 to 2023,and provide a reference for further improving the clinical medication safety of antibacterial drugs.Methods:A total of 239 reports of antibacterial drug-related ADRs reported to the National Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring System by Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2019 to December 2023 were selected as the research data.The information such as patients'age and sex,types and dosage forms of involved drugs,and clinical manifestations and outcomes of ADRs was collected to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of antibacterial drug-related ADRs.Results:Among the 239 reports of antibacterial drug-related ADRs,the number of female patients involved was slightly more than that of male patients(126 cases vs 113 cases),and the age distribution was overall balanced;a total of 245 cases with antibacterial drugs were involved among the 239 ADRs,of which,cephalosporins involved were most common(129 cases),followed by quinolones(62 cases);the drugs were mostly administered by intravenous drip(223 cases);the antibacterial drug-related ADRs mainly involved the skin and its appendages,followed by the digestive system.In terms of types of ADRs,most ADRs were"general"(183 cases)and"new and general"(42 cases),and only 12 cases and 2 cases of ADRs were"serious"and"new and serious"respectively.After treatment,the vast majority(235 cases,98.33%)of patients were cured or alleviated.Conclusion:Most of the ADRs related to antibacterial drugs are caused by cephalosporins and quinolones in the hospital,and are not serious and have good outcomes.However,it is still necessary to strengthen the clinical monitoring of patients'medication to ensure the safe medication of patients.

关 键 词：抗菌药物 药物不良反应 流行病学特点 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品] R181.35[医药卫生—药学]