空间网格空腹夹层板结构创新与实践最新进展  

Recent progress in innovation and practice of spatial grid open-web sandwich plate structure

作　　者：陈红鸟[1] 杨瑛 田鹏刚 周正荣 陈靖[1] 魏艳辉[1] 马克俭[1] CHEN Hongniao;YANG Ying;TIAN Penggang;ZHOU Zhengrong;CHEN Jing;WEI Yanhui;MA Kejian(Research Center of Space Structures,Guizhou University,550025 Guiyang,China;China Construction Fifth Engineering Bureau Co.,Ltd.,410004 Changsha,China;Future City Innovation Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shaanxi Construction Engineering Holding Group,712000 Xi'an,China;Sinohydro Bureau 9 Co.,Ltd.,550081 Guiyang,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学空间结构研究中心,贵阳550025 [2]中国建筑第五工程局有限公司,长沙410004 [3]陕西建工控股集团未来城市创新科技有限公司,西安712000 [4]中国水利水电第九工程局有限公司,贵阳550081

出　　处：《应用力学学报》2025年第1期1-20,共20页Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.52278251);贵州省科技成果转换(一般项目)(黔科合成果[2023]一般081)。

摘　　要：为了解决大跨度空腹网架结构抗剪刚度不足的问题,贵州大学马克俭教授于20世纪90年代创新地提出了空腹夹层板结构。通过减小竖杆的高宽比,使之形成“超短柱”,即剪力键,利用剪力键连接上、下肋协同受力,从而使空腹夹层板结构具有较大的剪切刚度,其整体力学特性介于密肋井字楼盖与空腹网架之间。系统回顾了空腹夹层板结构的发展历程,介绍了该结构的组成和分类,总结了该结构的几何和力学特点,归纳了现有的理论分析方法与技术规程、结构优势及工程应用案例,尤其是2010年以后的工程实践进展;最后,对空腹夹层板结构体系的应用前景进行展望。空腹夹层板结构具有大跨度灵活划分空间、节约层高、降低结构自重、节省建筑用材、空腹可穿越管线等诸多优势,在全国30个省(市、自治区)的实际工程应用面积已达300余万平方米,节约建设资金超过2亿元。空腹夹层板结构体系的理论及实践创新体现了新时代的科技自立自强,采用多高层大跨度空腹夹层板楼盖结构可节约土地资源,对促进我国生态文明建设有重要意义。To solve the problem of insufficient shear stiffness of large-span open-web grid structures,Professor Ma Kejian from Guizhou University innovatively proposed an open-web sandwich plate structure in the 1990s.By reducing the height/width ratio of vertical webs,“ultra short columns”are formed and known as shear keys which connect the upper and lower ribs of the open-web sandwich plate to work together;thus the plate has a high shear stiffness and its overall mechanical properties are between the multi-ribbed slabs and open-web grid structures.The paper systematically reviews the development history of the open-web sandwich plate structure,introduces its components and classification,summarizes its geometrical and mechanical characteristics,concludes existing theoretical analysis methods and technical regulations,structural advantages,and engineering application cases,especially the engineering practice progress since 2010.Finally,the application prospects of open-web sandwich plate are discussed.The open-web sandwich plate has many advantages,such as flexible division of large-span space,saving floor height,reducing structure weight,saving building materials,and being able to pass pipelines through the open-web part.It has been applied in more than 3 million square meters of actual projects in 30 provinces(cities,autonomous regions),saving more than 200 million in construction cost.The theoretical and practical innovation of the open-web sandwich plate structure system reflects the self-reliance in science and technology in the new era.The application of multi-story or high-rise buildings with large-span open-web sandwich floors can save land resources,which is of great significance for promoting the construction of ecological civilization in China.

关 键 词：钢筋混凝土 空腹夹层板 大跨度结构 多高层建筑 网格结构 

分 类 号：TU375[建筑科学—结构工程] TU398