缩尺方法对某堆石坝粗粒料的渗透及变形影响试验研究  

Study on the Effect of Scaling Method For a Rockfill Dam Coarse-grained Materials Seepage and Seepage Deformation Test

作　　者：刘承栋 凌会坤 刘斌 李海斌 王俊杰[2] LIU Cheng-dong;LING Hui-kun;LIU Bin;LI Hai-bin;WANG Jun-jie(Sinohydro Corporation Engieering Bureau 15 Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710086,China;Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Yibin University,Yibin 644000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水电建设集团十五工程局有限公司,陕西西安710086 [2]重庆交通大学,重庆400074 [3]宜宾学院,四川宜宾644000

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2025年第1期74-78,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52378327);重庆市水利科技项目(CQSLK-2023006);中国水电建设集团十五工程局有限公司科技项目(E1220325)。

摘　　要：粗粒料是堆石坝的主要填筑料之一,其渗透性与抗渗透变形能力对坝体的安全至关重要。缩尺处理是常规的室内渗透及变形试验的必要方法,目前多采用等量替代缩尺进行渗透系数测定,但各类缩尺方法对渗透及变形试验、特征坡降与破坏类型的影响研究尚不完善。为此,对某坝粗粒料开展等量替代法、混合法、相似级配法及剔除法4种缩尺试样的渗透及变形试验,等量替代法作为渗透系数测定参考,观测并对比分析各种缩尺方法的渗透系数、临界坡降及其破坏类型的差异。结果表明,细颗粒含量对渗透系数起决定性作用,剔除法、相似级配法与混合法由于对细颗粒含量的改变较大,无法较好地反映粗粒料的渗透系数;4种缩尺方法的临界坡降无显著差异,且均能较好地反映粗粒的渗透变形规律,等量替代法测定的破坏坡降更高,另外3种方法测定的破坏坡降更为安全保守;粗粒料发生流土渗透破坏的细颗粒含量存在临界值,超过临界值则发生流土破坏,在选择或推导缩尺方法时应当考虑该临界值的影响。Coarse aggregates are the key filling materials in rockfill dams,and their permeability and resistance to permeation-induced deformation are crucial for the dam’s safety.Scale modeling is a standard approach for conducting permeability and deformation tests in the laboratory.The equivalent substitution scaling method is commonly used to de-termine the permeability coefficient.However,the effects of different scaling methods on permeability,deformation,characteristic slope gradients,and failure modes remain inadequately explored.This study evaluates the permeability and deformation behaviors of coarse aggregates from a specific dam using four scaling methods:equivalent substitution,mixed method,similar gradation method,and elimination method.The difference of permeability coefficient,critical gra-dient and failure type of various scaling methods is observed and compared by using the equivalent substitution method as reference.The results show that fine particle content significantly affects the permeability coefficient.Due to considerable changes in fine particle content,the elimination method,similar gradation method,and mixed method fail to accurately represent the permeability coefficient of coarse aggregates.There is no significant difference in the critical slope gradient across the four scaling methods,and all methods can effectively capture the permeability deformation characteristics of the coarse aggregates.The equivalent substitution method yields a higher failure slope gradient,while the other three meth-ods provide more conservative and safer estimates.A critical fine particle content exists for fluid soil infiltration failure in coarse aggregates,and when this threshold is exceeded,fluid soil infiltration failure occurs.Therefore,the impact of this critical fine particle content should be considered when selecting or developing scaling methods.

关 键 词：粗粒料 缩尺方法 渗透 渗透变形 

分 类 号：TV41[水利工程—水工结构工程]