预制舵角对超空泡构型航行体入水运动特性影响研究  

Study on the influence of preset rudder angle on water entry motion characteristics of supercavitating vehicle

作　　者：魏海鹏 连宵 王凡瑜 刘元清 孙铁志 WEI Haipeng;LIAN Xiao;WANG Fanyu;LIU Yuanqing;SUN Tiezhi(Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering,Beijing 100076,China;School of Naval Architecture,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis,Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]北京宇航系统工程研究所,北京100076 [2]大连理工大学船舶工程学院,辽宁大连116024 [3]工业装备结构分析优化与CAE软件全国重点实验室,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2025年第1期89-96,共8页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

基　　金：基础科研计划资助项目(JCKY2021203B003)。

摘　　要：为了探究预置舵角对通气航行器入水运动特性的影响,基于VOF(Volume of Fluid)模型和SST k-ω湍流模型,开展了通气航行器带舵角高速斜入水流场的数值模拟和弹道特性分析。通过将数值预报的空泡形态和弹道特征与试验结果相对比,验证了所采用的数值方法的有效性,并分析了不同舵角对航行体入水流场演化、弹道特性和水动力特性。结果表明:倾斜高速入水条件下,入水空泡会迅速发生表面闭合,同时舵角的存在使入水空泡存在上下侧不对称情况。入水一定深度后,由于静水压力的增加和航行器速度下降,航行器尾部空泡脱落,升力系数和俯仰力矩发生波动。舵角对于航行器弹道特性产生明显的影响,舵角越大,航行器最大入水深度减小,俯仰角度变化越迅速,姿态转平的时间提前。5°舵角工况相较于3°舵角工况,姿态转平时间提前了86 ms。但是舵角对航行器轴向速度基本没有影响。舵角同时对航行器水动力特性存在一定的影响,舵角越大,升力系数的最大值越大,俯仰力矩越高。但是,舵角对航行器阻力系数影响不明显。To study the effect of the preset rudder angle on the motion characteristics of the ventilated vehicle during water entry,based on the VOF(Volume of Fluid)model and the SST k-ωturbulence model,the numerical simulation of the flow field and trajectory characteristics of the ventilated vehicle during high-speed oblique water entry are carried out in this paper.The validity of the numerical method is verified by comparing the cavity shape and trajectory characteristics produced by the numerical simulations with the experimental results.The effects of different rudder angles on the flow field evolution during water entry,trajectory and hydrodynamic characteristics are analyzed.The results show that the surface closure of the cavity occurs rapidly under high-speed oblique water entry.The rudder angle leads to the asymmetry of the upper and lower sides of the cavity.After entering the water to a certain depth,due to the increase of hydrostatic pressure and the decrease of the speed of the vehicle,the cavity at the tail of the vehicle falls off,and the lift coefficient and pitch moment fluctuate.The rudder angle has a significant effect on the trajectory characteristics of the vehicle.The larger the rudder angle,the smaller the maximum depth of the vehicle,the faster the pitch angle changes,and the time for horizontal attitude is advanced.Compared with the 3°rudder angle condition,the 5°rudder angle condition has an advance of 86ms in the horizontal attitude time.But the rudder angle has basically no effect on the axial speed of the vehicle.At the same time,the rudder angle has a certain influence on the hydrodynamic characteristics of the vehicle.The larger the rudder angle,the larger the maximum lift coefficient and the higher the pitch moment.However,the rudder angle has little effect on the drag coefficient of the vehicle.

关 键 词：通气 预置舵角 流场演化 弹道特性 

分 类 号：TJ761.1[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程] TB126[理学—工程力学]