封严流量对轴流涡轮轮缘径向封严非定常流动结构的影响  

Influence of seal flow rate on unsteady flow structure of an axial turbine with radial rim seal configuration

作　　者：张晶辉 田杨涛 陶佳欣 ZHANG Jinghui;TIAN Yangtao;TAO Jiaxin(Xi’an Aeronautical Institute,Xi’an 710077,China;AVIC Qingan Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]西安航空学院,西安710077 [2]庆安集团有限公司,西安710077

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2025年第1期144-150,196,共8页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金项目(2021JQ-855);西安市科技计划项目(22GXFW0057)。

摘　　要：为了确定最小封严流量,非定常数值研究了封严流量对轴流涡轮径向封严结构封严效果的影响。结果表明:随着封严流量的增大,盘腔内涡结构数量增加,封严间隙内旋转的入侵及出流结构的强度减弱;内侧轴向封严间隙内的非定常波动增大,直到内侧实现完全封严,继续增加封严流量,非定常波动减小。封严间隙内达到最大波动时的封严流量可以认为是实现完全封严的最小封严流量,这为试验条件下判断最小封严流量提供了一种参考准则。设计封严结构时优化封严结构的尺寸、在间隙内引入叠加封严流、封严齿上设计蜂窝结构等,都可以产生较大的非定常波动,以减小最小封严流量,提高封严效率。The determination of the minimum seal flow rate is the main purpose of studying turbine rim seal flow.The influence of seal flow rate on the sealing effect of axial flow turbine with radial seal configuration has been investigated through unsteady numerical method.The results show that with the increase of seal flow rate,the number of vortex structures in the cavity increases,and the intensity of the swirling ingestion and outflow structures in the seal clearance weakens.The unsteady fluctuation in the inner axial seal clearance increases until the inner axial clearance is sealed completely,and the unsteady fluctuation decreases as the seal flow rate continues to increase.The seal flow rate when the fluctuation in the seal gap achieves maximum can be considered as the minimum seal flow to achieve complete sealing.This provides a reference criterion for judging the minimum seal flow rate under test conditions.When designing sealing structures,optimizing the dimensions of the sealing structure,introducing superimposed sealing flows within the gaps,and designing honeycomb structures on the sealing teeth can all generate significant unsteady fluctuations.These methods help reduce the minimum sealing flow and improve sealing efficiency.

关 键 词：最小封严流量 径向封严 轮缘封严机理 非定常数值模拟 涡轮盘腔 

分 类 号：V231.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]