河北省典型肉牛养殖场成本收益分析  

Cost-benefit Analysis of Typical Beef Cattle Farms in Hebei Province

作　　者：武娟娟 赵慧峰[1] 崔姹[1] Wu Juanjuan;Zhao Huifeng;Cui Cha(College of Economics and Management,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,071000,Hebei)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学经济管理学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《中国畜禽种业》2025年第1期85-92,共8页The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系河北省肉牛和羊创新团队产业经济岗(HBCT2024250301)。

摘　　要：受当前活牛价格低位及生产成本的变化,肉牛养殖收益明显下滑,对肉牛业的稳定及持续发展带来严峻挑战。该文以河北省保定市清苑区肉牛养殖场为研究对象,采用成本收益分析法,分析了肉牛专业育肥的成本收益情况。结果表明:从总成本来看,物质与服务费用占比最高,其次为人工成本与土地成本。乳泉牧场与双丰牧业两家养殖场物质与服务费用占比分别为95.63%、93.83%。物质与服务费用中仔畜费用占比均最大,乳泉牧场与双丰牧业分别为50.79%与51.50%,其次为饲草料成本,分别为45.71%和38.35%。从净收益来看,2个养殖场净利润均为负,处于亏损状态。2024年乳泉牧场每头牛净利润为-5745.75元,双丰牧业每头牛净利润-7098.1元。2个养殖场2023年高位购入仔畜,2024年上半年出售均处于亏损状态,亏损率达到25.37%和29.70%。基于以上结论,提出推进草料本地化降低饲草料成本、优化养殖模式降低仔畜成本、加强牛肉价格预测研究提高预测预警能力等对策建议。Due to the current low price of live cattle and changes in production costs,the income of beef cattle breeding has declined significantly,which has brought severe challenges to the stability and sustainable development of the beef cattle industry.In this study,the beef farm in Qingyuan District,Baoding City,Hebei Province was taken as the research object,and the cost-benefit analysis method was used to analyze the cost-benefit situation of professional beef cattle fattening.The results show that:From the perspective of total cost,material and service costs account for the highest proportion,followed by labor costs and land costs.The material and service costs of Ruquan Ranch and Shuangfeng Animal Husbandry accounted for 95.63%and 93.83%,respectively.The cost of young livestock accounted for the largest proportion of material and service costs,Ruquan pasture and Shuangfeng pasture were 50.79%and 51.50%,respectively,followed by forage costs,which were 45.71%and 38.35%,respectively.From the perspective of net income,the net profit of the two farms is negative and in a state of loss.In 2024,the net profit per cow of Ruquan Ranch will be-5745.75 yuan,and the net profit per cow of Shuangfeng Animal Husbandry will be-7098.1 yuan.The two farms purchased young animals at a high level in 2023 and sold them at a loss in the first half of 2024,with loss rates of 25.37%and 29.70%.Based on the above conclusions,some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward,such as promoting the localization of forage to reduce the cost of forage,optimizing the breeding mode to reduce the cost of young animals,strengthening the research on beef price forecasting,and improving the ability of prediction and early warning.

关 键 词：河北省 肉牛养殖 成本收益 

分 类 号：F326.3[经济管理—产业经济] F302.6