水稻精准穴播机关键技术研究  

Research on Key Technologies of Rice Precision Hole Sowing Machine

作　　者：房颖[1] 朱景建 孙华雨[1] 冯如只[1] 李博[1] FANG Ying;ZHU Jingjian;SUN Huayu;FENG Ruzhi;LI Bo(School of Automotive Engineering,Henan Mechanical and Electrical Vocational College,Zhengzhou 451191,China;Shanghai Donghai Vocational and Technical College,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]河南机电职业学院汽车工程学院,河南郑州451191 [2]上海东海职业技术学院,上海200241

出　　处：《农机使用与维修》2025年第2期102-105,共4页Agricultural Machinery Using & Maintenance

摘　　要：为提高水稻穴播机的精准穴播效率,该文研究了一种多环节种群分离、组穴系统,包括种群自流动分离机构,轨道振动规整、排序及组穴机构,该机构使种群近似自然流动状态,种群分离、组穴过程对芽种无挤压和剪切破坏作用。利用高速CCD摄像机成像技术,对检测通道内种粒下落分布状态进行分析,并与传感器检测结果进行对比,为执行机构“一次组穴”修正方案提供理论依据。采用高密度穴孔的储穴-排种双盘轮播结构来降低其旋转速度,配合采用“近地点播种”控制策略,提高同穴种粒落地一致性,同时研究了双盘轮播机构的护种和换向控制策略。通过以上设计提高了穴粒合格率和成穴性能,降低种子的破损率。To improve the precise hole sowing efficiency of rice hole sowing machines,this article studies a multi-stage population separation and hole grouping system,including a“population self flow separation mechanism”and a“track vibration regularity,sorting,and hole grouping mechanism”.This mechanism makes the population approximate a natural flow state,and the process of population separation and hole grouping has no squeezing or shearing damage to the sprouts;Using high-speed CCD camera imaging technology,analyze the distribution of seed particles falling in the detection channel and compare it with the sensor detection results,providing a theoretical basis for the“one-time hole grouping”correction scheme of the executing mechanism;Adopting a high-density hole“storage hole seeding”dual disc wheel seeding structure to reduce its rotation speed,combined with the use of a“near site seeding”control strategy to improve the consistency of seed landing in the same hole,and simultaneously studying the seed protection and directional control strategies of the dual disc wheel seeding mechanism.The above strategies have improved the qualification rate and hole forming performance of seeds,and reduced the rate of seed damage.

关 键 词：精准穴播 穴粒合格率 种群分离 无损组穴 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]