线粒体自噬在心血管疾病中的作用  

Mitophagy in cardiovascular diseases

作　　者：卢少华 庄海霞 朱晨 冯杜 LU Shaohua;ZHUANG Haixia;ZHU Chen;FENG Du(State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 511436,Chi-na;The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510250,China;Department of Anesthe-siology,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510260,China;The Affiliated Tra-ditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 511436,China)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学基础医学院,广州市呼吸疾病全国重点实验室,广东省蛋白质修饰与降解重点实验室,广东广州511436 [2]广州医科大学附属第四医院,广东广州510250 [3]广州医科大学附属第二医院麻醉科,广东广州510260 [4]广州医科大学附属中医医院,广东广州511436

出　　处：《中国病理生理杂志》2025年第1期142-156,共15页Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.92254307,No.32170758,No.82372676);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(No.2023A1515010605)。

摘　　要：心血管疾病(cardiovascular diseases,CVD)是全球主要致死原因之一,其发病机制复杂多样。线粒体作为细胞能量代谢中心,在CVD病理进程中的功能障碍已成为关键标志。这种功能失调可引发氧化应激、钙离子失衡和ATP减少,导致心肌细胞损伤。线粒体自噬是一种选择性降解受损线粒体的保护机制,在维持心肌细胞健康中发挥重要作用。近年研究揭示,线粒体自噬在心力衰竭、心肌梗死、缺血/再灌注损伤等多种CVD中具有显著调控作用。并且已有多种药物在靶向调节线粒体自噬活性中显示出很好的潜力,这为CVD治疗提供新思路。本综述系统阐述了线粒体自噬在CVD发病中的分子机制、生理病理功能及潜在治疗应用的最新进展,为深化对CVD认知和开发创新治疗策略提供理论基础。Cardiovascular diseases(CVD)remain a leading cause of mortality worldwide,with complex pathogenic mechanisms.Mitochondrial dysfunction,a key hallmark in CVD pathology,disrupts cellular homeostasis through oxidative stress,calcium imbalance,and reduced ATP production,ultimately damaging cardiomyocytes.Mitophagy,a selective autophagy process,plays a crucial protective role by degrading dysfunctional mitochondria,thus maintaining mitochondrial quality and quantity balance in cells.Recent studies have highlighted the significant regulatory role of mitophagy in various CVD pathological processes,including heart failure,myocardial infarction,ischemia/reperfusion injury,hypertension,and atherosclerosis.Notably,a variety of drugs have been shown good potential in the targeted regulation of mitophagy activity,which provides a new idea for the treatment of CVD.This review systematically elucidates the latest advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms,pathophysiological functions,and potential therapeutic applications of mitophagy in CVD.It provides a theoretical foundation for deepening our comprehension of CVD pathogenesis and developing innovative treatment strategies,offering new insights into cardiovascular disease management.

关 键 词：心血管疾病 线粒体 线粒体自噬 

分 类 号：R54[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R363[医药卫生—内科学] Q731[医药卫生—临床医学]