陶瓷废料和改性高岭土制备泡沫陶瓷及其性能研究  

Preparation of Foamed CeramicSfrom Waste CeramicSand Modified Kaolin and Study of TheiRProperties

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作  者:余亚玲 张晨阳 林少敏 YU Ya-ling;ZHANG Chen-yang;LIN Shao-min(College of MaterialSScience and Engineering,Hanshan Normal University,Chaozhou,Guangdong,521041)

机构地区:[1]韩山师范学院材料科学与工程学院,广东潮州521041

出  处:《韩山师范学院学报》2024年第6期28-34,共7页Journal of Hanshan Normal University

基  金:广东省教育厅科研项目(项目编号:2022KQNCX046).

摘  要:以陶瓷废料和高岭土为原料,钾长石作为助熔剂,明胶为凝胶体系,十二烷基硫酸钠为发泡剂,采用发泡-凝胶注模-冷冻干燥法制备泡沫陶瓷,研究了固含量、烧成温度对泡沫陶瓷材料性能的影响.当固含量为35%,烧结温度为1250℃时,泡沫陶瓷体积密度为0.68 g·cm-3,显气孔率高达72%,抗压强度5.02 MPa.为进一步提高泡沫陶瓷性能,在600℃下对高岭土进行热改性,通过FTIR、XRD、TG-DTA等测试手段对改性高岭土进行表征,同时将其作为原料替换原高岭土,制备泡沫陶瓷.实验结果表明,经过热改性后,高岭土主晶相高岭石的结构发生了显著改变,热改性促使高岭石发生脱羟基化反应,生成了偏高岭石,高岭土活性得到提高.将改性高岭土添加到泡沫陶瓷坯料中,显微结构得到了优化,与添加未改性高岭土得到的泡沫陶瓷相比可以提高试样的抗压强度.Foamed ceramics were prepared by using foam-gelcasting-freeze drying method using waste ceramics and kaolin as raw materials,potash feldspar as a fluxing agent,gelatin as the gel sys⁃tem and sodium dodecyl sulfate as a foaming agent,respectively.The effects of solid content and sin⁃tering temperature on the physical properties of foamed ceramics were investigated.When the solid content is 35%,the sintering temperature is 1250℃,the volume density of the foam ceramic is 0.68 g·cm-3,the apparent porosity reaches 72%,and the compressive strength is 5.02 MPa.To fur⁃ther improve the properties of the foamed ceramics,kaolin was thermally modified at 600℃.Then,the modified kaolin was characterized using FTIR,XRD,and TG-DTA,and used as a replacement material for the original kaolin in the foamed ceramic production.The experimental results showed that the structure of the main crystal phase of kaolin,kaolinite,had significantly changed after ther⁃mal modification.The modification facilitated the dehydroxylation reaction of kaolinite,resulting in the formation of metakaolin and increased reactivity of the kaolin.The microstructure of the foamed ceram⁃ics was optimized by adding the modified kaolin to the raw materials,which led to an increase in the compressive strength of the sample,compared to the foam ceramic made with unmodified kaolin.

关 键 词:陶瓷废料 改性高岭土 泡沫陶瓷 

分 类 号:TQ17[化学工程—硅酸盐工业]

 

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