土压平衡盾构机单楔块式与轴向拉紧式滚刀刀箱换装技术研究  

Research on Replacement Technology of Single Wedge Block and Axial Tensioning Disc Cutter Box for Earth Pressure Balance Shield Machine

作　　者：黄春来 马壮 谢李钊 HUANG Chunlai;MA Zhuang;XIE Lizhao(CCCC Third Aviation Engineering Bureau Co.,Ltd.Xiamen Branch,Xiamen,Fujian 361006,China;CCCC Third Aviation Engineering Bureau Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]中交第三航务工程局有限公司厦门分公司,福建厦门361006 [2]中交第三航务工程局有限公司,上海200032

出　　处：《施工技术(中英文)》2025年第1期72-77,91,共7页Construction Technology

基　　金：中交三航局科研项目(厦门分2020-02)。

摘　　要：针对土压平衡盾构机刀盘安装的单楔块式中心滚刀在复合地层掘进中易出现滚刀螺栓断裂、刀具掉落问题,比较分析单楔块式和轴向拉紧式两种常用滚刀安装方式下刀具-刀箱的结构和刀具-刀箱-刀盘传力路径差异,依托工程应用,开展刀盘单楔块式滚刀刀箱换装同尺寸轴向拉紧式滚刀刀箱技术研究。在刀盘同开口尺寸条件下,通过优化刀箱结构满足轴向拉紧式滚刀安装空间需求,优化刀具设计,保证刀具轨迹线、滚刀刀高与原设计一致进而保证刀盘的破岩效果。通过有限元分析不同工况下优化后结构的强度和刚度,计算结果表明优化方案可行。研究依托刀箱结构换装后掘进168m基岩凸起地层实例展开实践验证,期间盾构掘进参数正常,开仓检查未发现滚刀螺栓松动、断裂、脱落等异常现象,刀箱-刀具结构整体性完好。实际工程中的成功应用表明:在不改变既有盾构刀盘主体结构的情况下通过优化刀箱、刀具结构设计,同尺寸滚刀安装形式由单楔块式换装为轴向拉紧式式是可行的。Aiming at the problem that the single wedge type central hob installed by the cutter head of the earth pressure balance shield machine is prone to the fracture of the hob bolt and the falling of the cutting tool in the composite stratum excavation,the structure of the cutting tool-cutter box and the difference of the cutting tool-cutter box-cutter head force transmission path under the two common hob installation methods of the single wedge type and the axial tension type are compared and analyzed.Based on the engineering application,the research on the technology of replacing the single wedge type hob box of the cutter head with the same size of the axial tension type hob box is carried out.Under the condition of the same opening size of the cutter head,by optimizing the structure of the cutter box to meet the installation space requirements of the axial tension hob,the tool design was optimized to ensure that the tool path line and the hob height are consistent with the original design to ensure the rock-breaking effect of the cutter head.The strength and stiffness of the optimized structure under different working conditions were analyzed by finite element analysis.And the calculation results indicate that the optimization scheme is feasible.The research was based on the practical verification of the excavation of a 168-meter bedrock convex stratum after the replacement of the cutter box structure.During the period,the shield tunneling parameters are found to be normal,and no abnormal phenomena such as loosening,fracture and falling of hob bolts are found in the opening inspection.The integrity of the cutter box-cutting tool structure is intact.The successful application in practical engineering indicates that it is feasible to change the installation form of the same size disc cutter from single wedge type to axial tension type by optimizing the design of cutter box and cutting tool structure without changing the main structure of the existing shield cutter head.

关 键 词：盾构 复合地层 刀盘 滚刀刀箱 换装技术 有限元分析 

分 类 号：U459[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]