地铁车站渗漏水组合探测与处理研究  

Research on Combined Detection and Treatment of Leakage Water in Subway Stations

作　　者：陈挺 石鲁宁 孙曦源 高博洋 沈忱 李建军 申巧凤 CHEN Ting;SHI Luning;SUN Xiyuan;GAO Boyang;SHEN Chen;LI Jianjun;SHEN Qiaofeng(Beijing Hongtong Engineering Survey Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101309,China;Zhongke Jiantong Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101111,China;Beijing Subway Construction Facilities Maintenance Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100082,China;Beijing Rail Transit Construction Management Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]北京虹通工程勘测有限公司,北京101309 [2]中科建通工程技术有限公司,北京101111 [3]北京地铁建筑设施维护有限公司,北京100082 [4]北京市轨道交通建设管理有限公司,北京100037

出　　处：《铁道勘察》2025年第1期150-156,共7页Railway Investigation and Surveying

基　　金：北京东方雨虹防水技术股份有限公司科技研究计划重大课题(120000356)。

摘　　要：鉴于地铁站渗漏水的复杂性及单一检测方法的局限性,综合利用红外检测仪、渗漏巡检仪、地质雷达、超声波断面扫描仪、内窥镜、空气耦合地质雷达和专门开发的摄像系统,形成一种适用于不同工况的组合检测方法。在研究过程中,采用模型试验和现场检测相结合的方法,评估各检测手段的有效性与适用性。结果表明,红外检测仪和渗漏巡检仪在无装修层和湿贴装修层表面的渗漏点识别方面表现出较高的准确性,渗漏巡检仪可以检测0~10 cm深度的水含量。地质雷达和超声波断面扫描仪则在内部结构缺陷识别方面具有显著优势,地质雷达的分辨率为3 cm,检测深度为3 m;而超声波3D扫描仪的分辨率为1 cm,检测深度为0.5 m,两者在检测混凝土内部缺陷时可以相互验证,从而提高缺陷识别率和准确性。对于不拆除装修层的检测需求,工业内窥镜、空气耦合地质雷达及摄像系统的结合使用,可有效检测混凝土中的渗漏路径及表面渗漏点。Given the complexity of water leakage in subway stations and the limitations of various detection methods,this study integrates the use of infrared detectors,leakage inspection instruments,groundpenetrating radar(GPR),ultrasonic section scanners,endoscopes,air-coupled GPR,and specially developed camera systems to form a combined detection method suitable for different conditions.In the research process,a combination of model tests and on-site inspections was used to evaluate the effectiveness and applicability of each detection method.Results indicate that infrared detectors and leakage inspection instruments demonstrate high accuracy in identifying leakage points on surfaces without decoration layers and those with wet-adhered decoration layers.The leakage inspection instrument can detect water content at depths of 0 to 10 cm.GPR and ultrasonic section scanners show significant advantages in identifying internal structural defects,with GPR offering a resolution of less than 3 cm and a detection depth of 3 m,while the ultrasonic 3D scanner provides a resolution of 1 cm and a detection depth of 0.5 m.These methods can validate each other when detecting internal concrete defects,thereby enhancing defect identification accuracy.For detection needs without removing decoration layers,the combined use of industrial endoscopes,air-coupled GPR,and camera systems can effectively detect leakage paths within the concrete and surface leakage points.

关 键 词：地铁 车站结构 渗漏水 组合探测 注浆治理 

分 类 号：U231[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] TU91[建筑科学—建筑理论]