凝析气藏反凝析伤害及解除方法研究  

Research on Retrograde Condensation Damage and Removal Methods in Gas Condensate Reservoirs

作　　者：台俊茹 陈明强[1] 葛叶子 Tai Junru;Chen Mingqiang;Ge Yezi(College of Petroleum Engineering,Xi'an Shiyou University,Xi'an Shaanxi 710065)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学石油工程学院,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《中外能源》2025年第2期57-63,共7页Sino-Global Energy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于机器学习的地质导向模型实时更新与预测方法研究”(编号:51974248)。

摘　　要：凝析气藏是一种特殊的烃类矿藏,相态、流动特征复杂,具有反凝析的显著特点,导致气井产能下降。凝析气藏成藏的主控因素包括有效烃源岩分布、储盖组合及圈闭类型、温度压力系统及烃体系组分,我国凝析气藏的储层主要是砂岩和碳酸盐岩。目前凝析气藏的开发主要有衰竭式开发和保持压力开发两种方式。凝析气藏相态特征复杂,它的形成需要严格的温压条件。反凝析伤害是凝析气藏开采中无法避免的问题,反凝析解除方法主要有注气、注液、改变润湿性和排液采气技术等。注气开发适用于储层具有水动力学封闭性、没有活跃边水区的油气藏;注水开发适用于油层压力低、渗透率较高、连通性好的油气藏;注甲醇开发适用于易形成水合物的气田、低渗气田等;改变润湿性适用于低渗、致密、裂缝性油气藏等;排液采气技术适用于气藏的地层水有限封闭和水驱能量弱的气井。Gas condensate reservoir is a special hydrocarbon deposit with complex phase behavior and flow characteristics.Its remarkable characteristics of retrograde condensate lead to a productivity drop in gas wells.The main controlling factors of gas condensate reservoir formation include the distribution of effective hydrocarbon source rocks,reservoir-cap combination and trap type,temperature and pressure system,and hydrocarbon system components.The gas condensate reservoirs in China are mainly sandstone and carbonate ones.There are two main ways to develop gas condensate reservoirs:depletion development and pressure maintenance development.The phase behavior characteristics of gas condensate reservoirs are complex and formed under strict temperature and pressure conditions.Retrograde condensation damage is unavoidable in the production of gas condensate reservoirs.The main methods of retrograde condensate removal include gas injection,liquid injection,wettability change,and drainage gas recovery.Gas injection development is suitable for reservoirs with hydrodynamic sealing and no active edge water area.Waterflooding may be implemented in reservoirs with low pressure,high permeability,and good connectivity.Methanol injection development is suitable for the gas fields being easy to form hydrate and one with low permeability.Changing wettability may be implemented in low permeability,tight,fractured oil and gas reservoirs.Drainage gas recovery technology is suitable for gas wells with limited seal of formation water and weak water drive energy.

关 键 词：凝析气藏 反凝析 相态特征 温压条件 保持压力开发 排液采气 

分 类 号：TE372[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]