雷电保护装置在油田电力线路上的应用  

Application of Lightning Protection Devices in Oilfield Power Lines

作　　者：刘昕 张倩[2] LIU Xin;ZHANG Qian(Natural Gas Branch of Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd.;No.2 Oil and Gas Storage and Transportation Brigade of Natural Gas Branch,Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]大庆油田责任有限公司天然气分公司 [2]大庆油田有限责任公司天然气分公司油气储运二大队

出　　处：《油气田地面工程》2025年第1期57-61,共5页Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering

摘　　要：随着油田生产建设不断发展,电力配电网络的运行可靠性、安全性越来越受到重视。作为电力配电网络主要组成部分的10(6)kV配电线路,由于长期在空旷的野外运行,当遇到雷雨天气时,极易遭受到雷击,导致电力线路经常跳闸断电,甚至引发绝缘子击穿、导线烧毁等事故发生,还会因停电导致大批机采井停产,给油田生产造成了巨大的经济损失。通过针对雷电对架空电力线路造成的各种危害原因进行调查、分析、统计和研究,结合油田地理环境的特点,提出了一种新的设计思路,改变以往防直击雷为主的传统的设计理念,采用以防感应雷为主、防直击雷为辅的防雷方案。经多方调研论证,在边远容易落雷地区的架空电力线路上,设计了国内新型的多腔吹弧式雷电保护装置,其技术先进、结构合理、性能优越,具有工频续流遮断能力,既能防直击雷又能防感应雷。正常运行时,避雷装置的空气间隙可与电力线路脱离,当雷电作用在线路上时,可短暂建弧释放电流,不跳闸、不断电,既消除了雷电对电力线路的危害,又能确保电力线路在雷电天气安全、可靠运行。With the continuous development of oilfield production and construction,the operational reliability and safety of power distribution networks are increasingly valued.As the main component of the power distribution network,the 10(6)kV distribution line,due to long-term operation in open fields,is extremely susceptible to lightning strikes when encountering thunderstorm weather,resulting in frequent tripping and power outages of the power line,and even causing accidents such as insulator breakdown and wire burning.Power outages can also lead to the shutdown of a large number of mechanical wells,causing huge economic losses to oilfield production.Combining with the characteristics of the geographical environment of oilfields,based on the investigation,research,statistics,and analysis of various hazards caused by lightning on overhead power lines,a new design concept is proposed,which changes the traditional design concept of mainly preventing direct lightning strikes,and adopted a lightning protection scheme with inductive lightning as the main focus and direct lightning as the auxiliary.After multiple investigations and verifications,a new type of multicavity arc-blowing lightning protection device is designed for the overhead power line in remote lightning-prone areas.With advanced technology,reasonable structure,and superior performance,it has the ability of power frequency continuous current blocking and can prevent both direct lightning and inductive lightning.Its outstanding feature is that the air clearance of lightning arrester can be separated from the power line during normal operation.When lightning strikes on the line,it can temporarily build an arc to release the current without tripping.It not only eliminates the harm of lightning to power line,but also ensures the normal safe and reliable operation of power lines in lightning weather.

关 键 词：油田电力线路 防感应雷 多腔吹弧式 雷电保护 建弧放电 

分 类 号：TM7[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]