老年髋部骨折患者术后康复期跌倒风险与风险感知的差异性  

Difference of fall risk and risk perception in elderly patients with hip fracture after operation in rehabilitation period

作　　者：杨嫦 周敏捷 凌乐洁 骆国钢 YANG Chang;ZHOU Minjie;LING Lejie;LUO Guogang(Department of Traumatology,Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325000,China)

机构地区：[1]温州市中西医结合医院创伤骨科,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2025年第1期148-152,共5页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：浙江省中医药科技计划项目(2021ZB275);温州市基础性科研项目(Y20220526)。

摘　　要：目的探讨老年髋部骨折患者术后康复期的跌倒风险现状及其不同跌倒风险等级患者的风险感知水平差异。方法采用便利抽样法抽取温州市中西医结合医院2022年1月—2023年8月收治的356例老年髋部骨折术后康复期患者为研究对象。使用一般资料调查问卷收集患者的一般资料,采用跌倒风险量表、跌倒风险感知量表评估患者跌倒风险及跌倒风险感知水平,并分析老年髋部骨折术后患者康复期跌倒风险与风险感知的差异。结果356例老年髋部骨折术后康复期患者中78例(21.91%)跌倒低风险,88例(24.72%)跌倒中风险,190例(53.37%)跌倒高风险;124例(34.83%)跌倒风险感知为低感知,117例(32.87%)中感知,115例(32.30%)高感知。不同跌倒风险等级老年髋部骨折术后康复期患者跌倒风险感知水平组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);跌倒低、中、高风险老年髋部骨折术后康复期患者组内跌倒风险感知得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);跌倒低风险患者中,高感知占51.28%(40/78),跌倒中风险患者中,低感知占32.95%(29/88),跌倒高风险患者中,低感知占67.37%(128/190)。结论老年髋部骨折术后患者康复期跌倒风险较高,且存在跌倒风险及风险感知水平的差异性。Objective To explore the present situation of fall risk of elderly patients with hip fracture in rehabilitation period after operation and the difference of risk perception level among patients with different fall risk levels.Methods A total of 356 elderly patients with hip fracture in rehabilitation period from January 2022 to August 2023 at Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine were selected as the research object.The general information of patients was collected by general data questionnaire,and both fall risk and fall risk perception scale were assessed using standardized scales.Differences between the fall risk and risk perception of elderly patients with hip fracture in rehabilitation period were analyzed.Results Among the 356 elderly patients with hip fracture after operation,78 cases(21.91%)were classified as low risk of falling,88 cases(24.72%)as middle risk of falling,and 190 cases(53.37%)as high risk of falling.In terms of risk perception,124 cases(34.83%)had low-perceived,117 cases(32.87%)had medium-perceived,and 115 cases(32.30%)had high-perceived.There was no significant difference in the overall perception of fall risk among the elderly patients with hip fracture in rehabilitation period after operation(P>0.05).However,there were significant differences in the perception scores of fall risk among the elderly patients with low risk,medium risk,and high risk of hip fracture in the rehabilitation period after operation(P<0.05).Among patients with low risk of falling,high perception accounted for 51.28%(40/78),while low perception accounted for 32.95%(29/88)among patients with middle risk of falling.In the high-risk group,low perception accounted for 67.37%(128/190).Conclusion Elderly patients with hip fracture have a high risk of falling during rehabilitation,with noticeable differences between the risk of falling and the level of risk perception.

关 键 词：髋部骨折 老年 康复期 跌倒 风险感知 

分 类 号：R683.3[医药卫生—骨科学]