基于逻辑χ态的三方半量子密钥协商协议  

The Three-Party Semi-Quantum Key Agreement Protocol Based on Logicalχ-States

作　　者：何业锋[1] 蔡明月 梁熙媛 HE Yefeng;CAI Mingyue;LIANG Xiyuan(School of Cyberspace Security,Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications,Xi’an 710121,China)

机构地区：[1]西安邮电大学网络空间安全学院,西安710121

出　　处：《信息网络安全》2025年第1期27-35,共9页Netinfo Security

基　　金：国家自然科学基金[61802302];陕西省自然科学基础研究计划[2021JM-462]。

摘　　要：半量子密钥协商适用于参与者能力较低或承担不起昂贵设备的情况,比传统的量子密钥协商更符合实际需求。然而,目前三方半量子密钥协商协议的研究较少且普遍存在效率较低的问题。为此,文章提出一种基于逻辑六比特χ型态的三方半量子密钥协商协议,该协议充分利用了逻辑六比特χ型态的纠缠特性,通过简单的幺正操作和粒子测量,实现了在无需可信第三方介入的情况下两个半量子方与一个全量子方之间公平的密钥协商。该协议不仅提高了量子比特效率还具备抵御参与者攻击和外部攻击的能力。The semi-quantum key agreement protocol is suitable for scenarios where participants have limited capabilities or cannot afford expensive equipment,making it more aligned with practical requirements than quantum key agreement.However,current research on three-party semi-quantum key agreement protocols is limited,and they commonly suffer from the issue of low efficiency.To solve this problem,the paper proposed a threeparty semi-quantum key agreement which is based on the logical six-qubitχ-state.The protocol leverages the entanglement properties of the logical six-qubitχ-state,achieving fair key agreement between two semi-quantum parties and one fully quantum party through straightforward unitary operations and particle measurements,without the need for a trusted third party.The protocol not only enhances quantum bit efficiency but also possesses the capability to resist participant and external attacks.

关 键 词：量子密码 半量子密钥协商 χ型态 BELL态 量子比特效率 

分 类 号：TP309[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]