2012—2022年邹城市人间布鲁氏菌病流行病学特征分析及对策探讨  

Epidemiological Characteristics Analysis and Exploration Strategies of Human Brucellosis in Zoucheng from 2012 to 2022

作　　者：宋红卫[1] 孔繁涛[1] 贺海彪 Song Hongwei;Kong Fanta;He Haibiao(Zoucheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zoucheng,Shandong,273500,China)

机构地区：[1]邹城市疾病预防控制中心,山东邹城273500

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2024年第12期47-51,共5页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的:了解邹城市人间布鲁氏菌病(以下简称布病)发病的流行病学特征,为探讨布病疫情防控对策提供科学依据。方法:对中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2012—2022年邹城市报告的布病疫情资料及个案流行病学调查报告和人、畜间感染情况调查等相关资料进行整理和分析。结果:2012—2022年邹城市共报告布病病例749例,无死亡病例报告,年均发病率为5.93/10万。各年份间布病发病率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=142.396,P<0.05)。城区街道布病年均发病率为2.74/10万,低于乡镇布病年均发病率(7.17/10万),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=76.424,P<0.05)。男性布病发病率为7.981/10万,高于女性(3.63/10万),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=104.260,P<0.01)。布病病例年龄主要集中在40~70岁,共报告布病病例587例,占全部病例的78.37%;布病病例职业分布主要以农民为主,占全部病例的85.85%。2012—2022年邹城市每月均有布病病例报告,主要集中在3—8月份,共报告布病病例516例,占全部病例的68.89%;布病病例分布在邹城市16个镇(街),其中北宿镇布病年均发病率最高,为9.64/10万;发病到诊断时间间隔>30 d者占全部病例数的24.43%,>90 d者占8.81%,误诊/误治率为36.85%。结论:2012—2022年邹城市布病疫情发病率波动较高,应落实部门联合、源头管控、常规监测、健康教育等综合性防控措施,筑牢布病防控屏障。OBJECTIVE To understand the epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis in Zoucheng,and to provide scientific basis for exploring epidemic prevention and control strategies for brucellosis.METHODS The epidemiological data of brucellosis in Zoucheng reported by the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System from 2012 to 2022,the epidemiological investigation of individual cases and the investigation of infection among humans and animals were sorted out and analyzed.RESULTS Totally 749 cases were reported from 2012 to 2022,with no death,and the average annual incidence rate was 5.93/105.The difference of incidence rate in different years was statistically significant(χ^(2)=142.396,P<0.05).The township(7.17/105)was higher than the urban street(2.74/105),the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=76.424,P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference between males(7.98/105)and females(3.63/105)(χ^(2)=104.260,P<0.05).The age group was 587 people concentrated between 40 and 70 years old,accounting for 78.37%,with middle-aged and elderly people being the majority.The occupational distribution was mainly dominated by farmers,accounting for 85.85%.The disease occured throughout the year,with a concentrated incidence from March to August,accounting for 68.89%.It was distributed in 16 towns(streets)in the city,and the average annual incidence rate was the highest in the Beisu town,which was 9.64/105.24.43%of cases had an interval from onset to diagnosis greater than 30 days,while 8.81%had an interval between onset and diagnosis greater than 90 days.The misdiagnosis and mistreatment rate was 36.85%.CONCLUSION The incidence rate of brucellosis in Zouchen fluctuates relatively high from 2012 to 2022.The implementation of comprehensive prevention and control measures such as departmental cooperation,source control,routine monitoring,and health education will help to build a solid barrier for brucellosis prevention and control.

关 键 词：布鲁氏菌病 流行特征 对策探讨 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R516.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]