鱼类无乳链球菌病流行病学及防控技术研究进展  

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON THE EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PREVENTION AND CONTROL TECHNOLOGY OF STREPTOCOCCUS AGALACTIAE DISEASE IN FISH

作　　者：石杰 黎洁[1,2] 张永安 SHI Jie;LI Jie;ZHANG Yong-An(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Aquaculture Education,College of Fisheries,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture,Wuhan 430070,China;National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水产学院水产养殖国家级实验教学示范中心,武汉430070 [2]池塘健康养殖湖北省工程实验室,武汉430070 [3]农业微生物资源挖掘与利用全国重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2025年第1期154-165,共12页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2400701);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-46)资助。

摘　　要：无乳链球菌病以其传播速度快和致死率高著称,对水产养殖业造成了严重威胁,并给养殖户带来了巨大经济损失。中国感染鱼类的无乳链球菌分子血清型主要以Ia为主,且通常呈现多重耐药性。目前,防治该病主要依赖抗生素治疗,辅以中草药疗法。然而,随着抗生素的广泛及不合理使用,无乳链球菌的耐药性逐年上升,因此,探索和开发安全有效的防治方法对于有效防控无乳链球菌病及遏制细菌耐药性的传播极为关键。文章综述了近年来关于鱼类无乳链球菌病的研究文献,从病原学、流行病学、临床症状与防治技术等多个角度进行了综合分析,指出当前防治措施存在的问题和不足,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望,旨在为鱼类无乳链球菌病的防治提供坚实的理论基础和技术指导。Streptococcus agalactiae,recognized for its rapid transmission and high mortality rates,has emerged as a formidable adversary in aquaculture,causing substantial economic losses to aquafarmers.In China,serotype Ia is the predominant serotypes of S.agalactiae infecting fish,and it presents a concerning multiple drug resistance profile.The prevention and treatment strategy primarily depends on antibiotic therapy,supplemented by traditional Chinese herbal medicine.However,the extensive and frequently irrational use of antibiotics has resulted in a progressive increase in the resistance of S.agalactiae,underscoring an urgent need to identify and develop alternative,safe,and efficacious preventative and therapeutic approaches.It is imperative to curtail the spread of bacterial resistance effectively.This review delves into the recent literature concerning S.agalactiae in fish,encompassing pathogenesis,epidemiology,clinical symptoms,and existing prevention and treatment techniques.We conduct a critical analysis of the existing measures,emphasizing their deficiencies and potential for improvement.Furthermore,we project potential future research directions,aiming to provide a robust theoretical foundation and strategic guidance for the management of S.agalactiae infections in fish.

关 键 词：鱼类 无乳链球菌病 流行病学 防控技术 

分 类 号：S942[农业科学—水产养殖]