肇始与探索:新疆法政学堂考  

Beginning and Exploration:Study on Xinjiang Academy of Law and Politics

作　　者：汪娜 WANG Na

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学出版社人文分社,上海200030

出　　处：《贵州民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2024年第6期189-208,共20页Journal of Guizhou Minzu University:Philosophy and Social Sciences

摘　　要：新疆法政学堂是依据清政府谕令,于光绪三十三年(1907年)由课吏馆改设而成。除对教习稍作调整外,新疆法政学堂的办学宗旨、管理方式、学员及教习组成、课程设置、教材使用、奖惩措施等与直隶法政学堂基本无异。由于忽略本地实际和机械执行清政府的指令,新疆法政学堂在培养目标、科目安排、教材使用方面的局限性明显,致使新疆的法政教育丧失了地域特色,在一定程度上影响了新疆法政教育的实效。但是,新疆法政学堂在四年时间里初步完成了对本地候补官吏和绅士的法律普及,首开民主自由之风,为新疆开启了近代法政教育发展的序幕,使法律意识和法律制度从此在西域边疆生根,为近代新疆法政教育的发展积累了宝贵遗产。Xinjiang Academy of Law and Politics was founded based on its predecessor House of Instructions for Officials in the Qing Dynasty under the command of the Qing government in the 33rd year of Emperor Guangxu.Except for slight modifications in instructions and practice,there was virtually no difference between it and other academies of law and politics under the leadership of Central Government in terms of schooling motto,management ways,trainees and composition of instructions and practice,curriculum,textbook use,and measures of incentives and penalties.Because of the neglect of local conditions and the mechanistic adoption of the Qing government′s order,Xinjiang Academy of Law and Politics was evidently deficient in cultivation objective,curriculum,and textbook use,resulting in the loss of regional features in Xinjiang′s law and politics education and the relevant practical efficacy to some extent.Nevertheless,during the period of four years Xinjiang Academy of Law and Politics basically completed the law publicity to local official candidates and squires,initiated the practice of freedom and democracy,started the modern law and politics educational development in Xinjiang,rooted awareness of law and legal system in west China,and created a precious legacy of modern law and politics education in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：变法修律 新疆法政学堂 《直隶法政章程》 全面效仿 法律启蒙 

分 类 号：D929[政治法律—法学]