296例泌尿生殖道人型支原体及解脲支原体感染分布及药敏分析  

Analyses of urogenital Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum infections and drug sensitivity in 296 patients

作　　者：陈俊伟 黄胜 邱薇 肖玉鹏 CHEN Junwei;HUANG Sheng;QIU Wei;XIAO Yupeng(Department of Clinical Laboratory,The First Hospital of Putian City,Putian 351100,China)

机构地区：[1]莆田市第一医院检验科,福建莆田351100

出　　处：《皮肤性病诊疗学杂志》2025年第1期16-22,共7页Journal of Diagnosis and Therapy on Dermato-venereology

摘　　要：目的分析临床患者泌尿生殖道人型支原体(Mh)及解脲支原体(Uu)感染分布情况及药敏情况,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法收集2022年9月—2023年8月于莆田市第一医院就诊的296例支原体感染患者临床资料,分析患者的性别、年龄分布,以及有无临床症状表现情况。采用Uu和Mh支原体培养鉴定药敏试剂盒对泌尿生殖道分泌物标本进行培养鉴定及药敏分析。结果296例支原体感染患者中,女性(256例)多于男性(40例),年龄主要分布在31~40岁(40.54%)。各年龄组间,不同性别的支原体感染率差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。有临床症状表现的患者(55.07%)多于无临床症状表现者(44.93%),差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.68,P<0.05)。单纯Uu感染者238例(80.41%),单纯Mh感染者5例(1.69%),Mh+Uu双重感染者53例(17.91%)。女性单纯Uu感染阳性率和Uu+Mh双重感染阳性率均高于男性,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2) _(Uu)=11.27,χ^(2)_(Uu+Mh)=10.09,均P<0.05)。单纯Mh对强力霉素和美满霉素的敏感率达100%,而对红霉素和环丙沙星耐药;Mh+Uu混合对强力霉素、美满霉素和交沙霉素敏感率均超过90%,而对红霉素完全耐药;单纯Uu对强力霉素和美满霉素敏感率为100%和99.58%,环丙沙星耐药率为76.90%。结论泌尿生殖道支原体感染患者女性多于男性,支原体感染类型以单纯Uu感染为主。强力霉素和美满霉素对3种支原体感染类型敏感率较高。临床应根据感染类型的不同及抗菌药物的敏感性,合理选用抗菌药物。Objective To analyze urogenital Mycoplasma hominis(Mh)and Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu)infections and drug sensitivity,providing a rationale for choosing antibiotics in clinical practice.Methods Clinical data were collected from 296 patients with Mycoplasma infections who visited the First Hospital of Putian City from September 2022 to August 2023.The patients′age,gender and the clinical symptoms were analyzed.Urogenital specimen from patients was cultured for isolation and identification of Uu and Mh.Results Among 256 women and 40 men with mycoplasma infections,patients aged 31~40 years old accounted for 40.54%.The rate of Mycoplasma infections did not differ significantly between males and femlaes among all age groups(all P>0.05).Over 55%of the patients with Mycoplasma infections had clinical symptoms(χ^(2)=5.68,P<0.05 vs.no symptoms).Patients with Uu and Mh infections were 238 cases(80.41%)and 5 cases(1.69%),respectively.Fifty-three cases(17.91%)were infected with both Mh+Uu.The positive rates of Uu and Uu+Mh infections were significantly higher in female patients than in male patients(χ^(2) _(Uu)=11.27,χ^(2)_(Uu+Mh)=10.09,P<0.05).In Mh positive patients,Mh was sensitive to both doxycycline and minocycline with a sensitive rate of 100%,but resistant to erythromycin and ciprofloxacin.In Mh+Uu positive patients,the sensitivity rates of doxycycline,minocycline and josamycin were over 90%,but resistant to erythromycin.In Uu positive patients,the sensitivity rates of doxycycline and minocycline were 100%and 99.58%,respectively,and the resistance rate of ciprofloxacin was 76.90%.Conclusions Females are more likely to have urogenital tract mycoplasma infections than males,and Uu is the main pathogen.The three types of infections are sensitive to doxycycline and minocycline.In clinical practice,the choosing antimicrobial drugs should be based on the type of infection and the sensitivity to the drugs.

关 键 词：支原体感染 人型支原体 解脲支原体 抗生素 耐药性 

分 类 号：R759[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学] R446.5[医药卫生—临床医学]