基于GIS的北京市城市用地适宜性评价  

Evaluation of urban land suitability in Beijing based on GIS

作　　者：刘梦霞 LIU Mengxia(Shandong Xinghang Geographic Information Engineering Company,Jinan,Shandong 370112,China)

机构地区：[1]山东星航地理信息工程有限公司,山东济南370112

出　　处：《北京测绘》2025年第1期74-78,共5页Beijing Surveying and Mapping

摘　　要：随着经济发展和城市规模迅速扩张,城市建设用地资源需求日益增加,对城市用地进行适宜性评价能够有效提高城市用地资源的利用效率。以北京市为研究区,结合北京市的高程、坡度、水系道路等数据集,选取7个评价因子,采用综合层次分析法构建指标体系,使用地理信息系统(GIS)软件的空间分析工具对研究区城市用地适宜性进行综合评价分析。结果表明:最适宜和较适宜建设区占研究区总面积的29.74%;基本适宜建设区占研究区总面积的36.31%;不适宜和最不适宜建设区占研究区总面积的33.95%。空间分布特征上,北京市城市用地建设区适宜性较高的区域位于北京市域中部及东南部。研究结果可为北京市土地利用优化布局及资源可持续利用提供参考,对促进该地区实现宏观经济和社会发展具有重要意义。With the rapid development of the economy and the expansion of the urban scale,the demand for urban construction land resources is increasing day by day.Evaluating the suitability of urban land can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of urban land resources.By taking Beijing as the research area,combined with the datasets of elevation,slope,water system,and roads in Beijing,this paper selected seven evaluation factors to construct an indicator system by using the comprehensive analytic hierarchy process.The spatial analysis tool of geographic information system(GIS)software was used to comprehensively evaluate and analyze the suitability of urban land in the research area.The results show that the construction areas with the highest and relatively higher suitability account for 29.74%of the total area of the research area.The construction area with moderate suitability accounts for 36.31%of the total area of the research area.The construction areas with the lowest and relatively lower suitability account for 33.95%of the total area of the research area.In terms of spatial distribution characteristics,the areas with high suitability for urban land construction in Beijing are located in the central and southeastern parts of the city.The research results can provide a reference for optimizing the layout of land use and sustainable resource utilization in Beijing and are of great significance for promoting the realization of macro-economy and social development in the area.

关 键 词：层次分析法 地理信息系统(GIS) 多因子 土地适宜性评价 定性与定量 

分 类 号：P258[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]