论外国民事裁判承认与执行中的公序良俗原则——以实体与程序的双重意涵为中心  

Public Order and Good Morals in the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Civil Judgments:Focus on the Dual Meanings of Substantive and Procedural Law

作　　者：林洧 LIN Wei

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《武大国际法评论》2024年第5期17-37,共21页Wuhan University International Law Review

基　　金：中国人民大学2023年度拔尖创新人才培育资助计划成果。

摘　　要：依2023年修正的《民事诉讼法》第299条、第300条第5项的规定,对于违背我国法律的基本原则或者损害国家主权、安全、社会公共利益的外国民事裁判,我国不予承认与执行。在解释论上,这两条属于我国对外国民事裁判承认与执行中公序良俗原则的规定。民事裁判承认与执行脉络下的公序良俗仅指国内公序良俗,对其概念应做一元论的理解。根据实体内容与诉讼程序的不同,公序良俗可进一步区分为实体性公序良俗与程序性公序良俗。对于前者,法院可结合我国实体法中公序良俗类型化的理论与实践依职权进行审查;对于后者,法院需重视保障当事人以“合法送达”为核心的受通知权,将程序性公序良俗的解释扩张至程序基本权。此外,法院还需要平衡促进裁判流通与维护公序良俗这两种价值,遵循形式审查原则、实体与程序相协同原则、谦抑原则。According to Article 299 and Article 300(5)of Civil Procedure Law of The People’s Republic of China(2023 Amendment),China shall refuse to recognize and enforce foreign civil judgments that violate the basic principles of the laws of The People’s Republic of China or damage the sovereignty,security,or public interest of the state.In terms of legal interpretation,these two articles belong to the legal provisions of public order and good morals in the recognition and enforcement of foreign civil judgments.Public order and good morals in the context of recognition and enforcement of foreign civil judgments refers only to domestic public order and good morals,and its concept must be understood in a way of monism.According to the difference between the substantive content and judicial proceedings,public policy and good morals can be further divided into substantive public policy and procedural public policy.As for the former,the court can examine it in accordance with the findings derived from both theoretical and practical aspects of public order and good morals within China’s substantive law.Regarding the latter,the court should prioritize safeguarding parties’right to be notified through“legal service”as its core focus,while also expanding the interpretation of procedural public order and good morals to encompass procedural fundamental rights.Furthermore,it is essential for the court to strike a balance between promoting judgment circulation and upholding public order and good morals by adhering to principles such as formal review,coordination between substance and procedure,as well as modesty.

关 键 词：公序良俗 公共利益 外国民事裁判的承认与执行 惩罚性赔偿 程序基本权 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]