越省协运:清代徐州卫坐落湖北军户研究  

Cross-Province Assistance: A Study on the Military Households of the Xuzhou Garrison in Hubei Province during the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：徐宝成 XU Baocheng(Postdoctoral faculty from the School of History and Culture,Hubei University)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学历史文化学院,武汉430062

出　　处：《清史研究》2025年第1期88-98,共11页The Qing History Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“清代漕运对区域社会环境影响的实证研究”(14ZS012)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：徐州卫坐落湖北省的运粮军丁,是由明代藩王护卫军演变而来。入清以后,坐落湖北省的徐州卫军丁继续承担运粮任务。雍正四年,徐州卫分为河南前后两帮,主要负责协济河南省漕粮输运任务,继而形成“三省拱一卫”的格局。乾隆年间,清廷重定卫军编审之法,湖北省徐州卫军丁清编方式历经三次变革,即徐州卫派令河南前后帮千总及委员会查,江苏等省委弁协查,湖北省粮道、通判及屯住徐州卫军的州县清查。嗣后,清廷将派往徐州卫的湖北省军丁全行撤回,改由津贴,协济办漕。总之,徐州卫坐落湖北省军丁跨省协运漕粮的形式,体现出了不同的卫所运漕模式和统辖关系,对整个清代漕运体系影响深远。The Xuzhou Garrison in Hubei Province, was a grain transport military unit that evolved from the Ming Dynasty feudal lords' military exercises. After entering the Qing Dynasty,the soldiers of the Xuzhou Garrison continued to undertake the task of transporting grain. In the fourth year of the Yongzheng reign, the Xuzhou garrison was divided into two groups, the front and rear guard of Henan, mainly responsible for assisting in the transportation of grain in Henan Province, thus forming a pattern of “three provinces with one garrison.” During the reign of Emperor Qianlong, the Qing court redefined the method of organizing and reviewing the Imperial Guard. The method of organizing the Imperial Guard in Xuzhou, underwent three changes,namely, the Xuzhou Imperial Guard were order to the Henan Front and Rear to assist Company Commanders and Commissioners;to assist Jiangsu and other provinces to undertake joint inspection;support Hubei Province's grain intendants, magistrates, and county and prefecture soldiers where the Xuzhou garrison troops were stationed. Later, the Qing court withdrew all the Xuzhou military personnel from Hubei Province and replaced them with allowances and assistance to manage grain transportation. In short, the form of cross provincial coordinated transportation of grain by military personnel in Xuzhou and Hubei provinces reflected different transportation modes and jurisdictional relationships of the garrison, which had a profound impact on the entire Qing Dynasty transportation system.

关 键 词：清代 徐州卫 湖北省 卫所军丁 协济 

分 类 号：K249.3[历史地理—历史学]