航空发动机燃油泵动静压滑动轴承润滑特性与参数影响分析  

Analysis of aeroengine fuel pump hydrostatic journal bearing lubrication and parameter influence

作　　者：符江锋[1,2] 仲世杰 罗康 刘显为 魏士杰 FU Jiangfeng;ZHONG Shijie;LUO Kang;LIU Xianwei;WEI Shijie(School of Power and Energy,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;Advanced Power Research Institute of Northwesterm Polytechnical University in Sichuan Tianfu New Area,Chengdu 610213,China;AECC Xi’an Engine Control Technology Company,Xi’an 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学动力与能源学院,陕西西安710072 [2]四川天府新区西工大先进动力研究院,四川成都610213 [3]中国航发西安动力控制科技有限公司,陕西西安710077

出　　处：《推进技术》2025年第1期237-252,共16页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(J2019-V-0016-0111;2022-B-V-003-001);国防基础科研项目(JCKY2022607C002);中国航发产学研合作项目(HFZL2022CXY013);国家自然科学基金(52372396)。

摘　　要：航空发动机燃油齿轮泵的滑动轴承长期工作在高温、高压和低黏介质极端工况下,极易诱发润滑失效,其润滑性能演变规律尚未完全探明。本文通过建立动静压混合润滑条件下燃油泵滑动轴承流体润滑模型,采用超声测量原理测试了燃油泵真实服役工况下的油膜厚度,验证了多个载荷条件滑动轴承润滑模型的油膜厚度计算准确性。最后,基于试验验证的润滑计算模型,研究了宽径比、偏心率和油槽位置对轴承润滑性能的影响规律。研究结果表明:计算的油膜厚度随工况变化规律与试验测点十分吻合,两者的平均计算误差为2.3%,此外,燃油泵负载增大会使得油膜的最小厚度向进口油槽处偏转,进而导致动压能力减弱,轴承在大负载工况的承载能力主要由静压提供。宽径比B/D由0.4增大至1.2时,会导致油膜温度沿周向降低1.2℃,而沿轴向升高0.5℃,偏心率增大会导致油膜厚度变小,混合润滑轴承中间截面处的动压提升0.43 MPa,设计滑动轴承的油槽位置应开在收敛楔形结构前端或者开扩楔形结构处,能提升轴承承载性能。The journal bearing of aero-engine fuel gear pumps work under extreme conditions of high temperature,high pressure and low viscous media for a long time,which may result in lubrication failure.However,the evolution law of their lubrication performance has not been fully explored.This paper establishes and solves the fluid lubrication model of the fuel pump hydrostatic bearing.The oil film thickness test under actual operating conditions is conducted by using ultrasonic measurement principle,and the oil film thickness of the sliding bearing lubrication model under multiple load conditions is compared and verified.Finally,the verified sliding bearing lubrication model is used to study the influence mechanisms of width-to-diameter ratio,eccentricity and oil groove position on its lubrication performance.The research results show that the calculated oil film thickness changes with the working conditions and is in good agreement with the experimental measurement points,with an average calculation error of 2.3%.In addition,an increase in fuel pump load will cause the minimum thickness of the oil film to deflect towards the inlet oil groove,thereby weakening the dynamic pressure capacity.The bearing capacity of the bearing under high load conditions is mainly provided by static pressure.When the aspect ratio B/D increases from 0.4 to 1.2,it will cause the oil film temperature to decrease by 1.2℃along the circumferential direction and increase by 0.5℃along the axial direction.An increase in eccentricity will lead to a decrease in the oil film thickness,and the dynamic pressure at the middle section of the mixed lubrication bearing will increase by 0.43 MPa.The oil groove position of the sliding bearing should be designed at the front end of the converging wedge structure or at the opening of the expanding wedge structure,which can improve the bearing’s load-bearing performance.

关 键 词：航空发动机 燃油齿轮泵 滑动轴承 润滑 油膜测试 

分 类 号：V228.14[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]