不同年龄动物致伤患者的流行病学特征比较  

Epidemiological characteristics of patients injured by animals in different age groups

作　　者：于广荣 周朝玺 夏东[1] YU Guangrong;ZHAO Chaoxi;XIA Dong(Department of Emergency Surgery,Beijing Geriatric Hospital,Beijing 100095,China)

机构地区：[1]北京老年医院急诊外科,北京100095 [2]北京老年医院骨科,北京100095

出　　处：《中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志》2025年第2期257-259,共3页China Journal of Emergency Resuscitation and Disaster Medicine

基　　金：北京市医院管理中心临床医学发展专项经费资助项目(编号:ZYLX202131)。

摘　　要：目的基于北京老年医院现有资料数据,比较不同年龄动物致伤患者的流行病学特征,为狂犬病暴露后的处置及预防提供参考依据。方法收集2020年1月—2023年12月北京老年医院的动物致伤患者13400例,将年龄在18~65岁的12015例作为成年组,将年龄在65岁以上的1385例作为老年组,分析两组患者的发病趋势、致伤部位、伤口严重程度等。结果两组人群的致伤动物主要为有主动物,且致伤人群中女性比例更高,成年组主要致伤动物为猫(47.31%),老年组主要致伤动物为犬(66.86%)。在就诊量方面,成年组的患者就诊量有明显增加趋势,且在2022年就诊量达到高峰;而老年组患者的年度就诊量没有明显变化。在受伤部位方面,两组患者受伤最常见的部位依次为手、下肢、躯干和面部。在伤口严重程度方面,老年患者在受伤后达到Ⅲ级暴露的比例(54.22%)明显高于成年人(41.93%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论老年人受伤的主要原因是犬类动物攻击,且这类伤害往往更为严重。相比之下,成年人受伤多由猫引起,且伤害程度较轻。建议加大对老年人动物伤害事件的监控力度,以便为制定更为科学的预防措施提供坚实依据。Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of patients injured by animalsin different age groups.Methods This study was conducted on 13,400 animal injury patients in Beijing Geriatric Hospital between January 2020 and December 2023.All patients were divided into two groups:adult group(12015 cases)aged18-60 years old;elderly group(1385 cases)aged over 60 years old.The incidence trend,injury site,and wound severity were compared and analyzed between the two groups.Results The animals were mainly owned animals in both groups,with a higher proportion of injured women.The animals in the adult group were mainly cats(47.31%),and the animals in the elderly group were mainly dogs(66.86%).The number of visits in the adult group increased significantly,with the peak in 2022;the majority of injured parts in both groups were hands,lower limbs,trunk,and face;the proportion of wounds in the elderly group reaching gradeⅢexposure after injury(54.22%)was significantly higher than that in the adult group(41.93%).Conclusion The main cause of animal injuries to the elderly is dog attacks,which are often more serious.Therefore,it is recommended to strengthen monitoring of animal injury incidents and provide effective prevention.

关 键 词：动物致伤 老年医学 狂犬病 流行病学 伤口 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]