市民社会批判:从黑格尔到马克思的一个理论进路  

Critique of Civil Society:A Theoretical Approach from Hegel to Marx

作　　者：杨煌辉 Yang Huanghui(Institute of Marxism,Party School of the CPC Jiangxi Provincial Committee/Jiangxi Academy of Governance,Nanchang Jiangxi,330108)

机构地区：[1]中共江西省委党校(江西行政学院)马克思主义研究院,江西南昌330108

出　　处：《宁夏党校学报》2025年第1期29-38,共10页Journal of the Party School of the CPC Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Committee

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中国式现代化进程中党的政治领导力建设研究”(24CDJ047)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：将市民社会与政治国家二分是黑格尔法哲学的一大理论创制,马克思历史唯物主义承继(共享)了黑格尔这一创制。在法哲学批判中,马克思发现黑格尔市民社会理论中蕴含的历史观点、辩证法哲学、经济理论,认识到市民社会批判是历史唯物主义的理论起点以及必须推进和深化的内容。正是对黑格尔市民社会理论进行了批判性反思,马克思历史唯物主义的发展科学地建立在对资本主义社会全面剖析的基础上。而这一理论进路又呈现出三层科学内涵:一是历史唯物主义的立足点是市民社会及其发展;二是政治经济学批判(资本批判)的实质是市民社会批判;三是共产主义社会(人类解放)的谜底是市民社会的历史辩证法。The bifurcation of civil society and the political state is a major theoretical innovation in Hegel’s Philosophy of Right,and Marx’s theory of historical materialism inherited(and shared)this conceptual framework.In his critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right,Marx identified historical perspectives,dialectical philosophy,and economic theories embedded in Hegel’s conception of civil society,recognizing that the critique of civil society is both the theoretical starting point and a necessary element for the advancement of his theory of historical materialism.Through critical reflection on Hegel’s civil society theory,Marx scientifically developed historical materialism based on a comprehensive analysis of capitalist society.This theoretical approach manifests three layers of scientific connotation:The foundation of historical materialism lies in civil society and its development;The essence of the critique of political economy(critique of capital)is the critique of civil society;The resolution of building a communist society(human emancipation)is rooted in the historical dialectics of civil society.

关 键 词：市民社会 历史唯物主义 政治经济学批判 辩证法 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学] B03