氮添加对入侵植物少花蒺藜草营养生长及对N、P、K利用效率的影响  

Effects of nitrogen addition on vegetative growth and utilization efficiency of N,P and K in invasive plant Cenchrus Pauciflorus Benth

作　　者：张佳 熊梅 孙忠林 苏慧[1] 周立业[1] ZHANG Jia;XIONG Mei;SUN Zhonglin;SU Hui;ZHOU Liye(College of Grassland,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028043,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学草业学院,通辽028043

出　　处：《生态科学》2024年第6期53-59,共7页Ecological Science

基　　金：内蒙古自治区重点研发和成果转化计划项目(2022YFDZ0028);内蒙古自然基金联合项目(2019LH03022);科尔沁沙地近自然生态修复工程研究中心-重点学科重点实验室建设项目(2404)。

摘　　要：为研究氮素添加对入侵植物少花蒺藜草(Cenchrus Pauciflorus Benth.)营养生长及其对N、P、K利用效率的影响,采用室外盆栽法,测定4种氮添加水平(5、10、15、20 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1))下少花蒺藜草各营养生长指标及营养器官(茎、叶)对N、P、K的利用效率。结果表明,4种氮添加水平显著增加了少花蒺藜草的株高、总生物量、地上生物量和地下生物量,提高了少花蒺藜草的生长速率,降低了根冠比,N1、N4水平增大了根粗、茎粗,N2水平增加了根长;茎在N4水平、叶在N2水平中全氮含量最高,分别为123.816 g·kg^(-1)、119.010 g·kg^(-1),氮添加总体降低了少花蒺藜草茎和叶的全磷含量,氮添加降低了叶的全钾含量,且茎在N1水平的全钾含量最高,为92.72 g·kg^(-1);少花蒺藜草在N1水平下氮素利用效率最高,为0.056 g·g^(-1),在N3水平最低,为0.039 g·g^(-1),随氮添加水平的提高,少花蒺藜草的磷素利用效率有逐渐升高的趋势且在N4水平达到最高,为0.229 g·g^(-1),氮添加降低了少花蒺藜草的钾素利用效率,且在N1水平最低,为0.054 g·g^(-1)。It studied the vegetative growth characteristics of the invasive plant Cenchrus Pauciflorus Benth and its utilization efficiency of N,P and K under different nitrogen addition conditions.Four different levels of nitrogen adding levels(5,10,15,20 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1))were conducted using outdoor pot planting method;the vegetative growth indexes and the utilization efficiency of N,P and K by vegetative organs(stems and leaves)of C.pauciflorus were determined.The results showed that the four nitrogen supplemental levels significantly increased the plant height,total biomass,above ground biomass and below ground biomass,increased the growth rate,and decreased the root-shoot ratio.N1 and N4 levels increased the root diameter and stem diameter,and N2 level increased the root length.The total nitrogen content in stems and leaves was the highest at N4 level and N2 level,which were 123.816 g·kg^(-1)and 119.010 g·kg^(-1).Nitrogen addition reduced the total phosphorus content in stems and leaves of C.pauciflorus;nitrogen addition reduced the total potassium content in leaves,and the total potassium content in stems was the highest at N1 level,which was 92.72 g·kg^(-1).The N utilizing efficiency of C.pauciflorus was the highest at N1 level and the lowest at N3 level,which were 0.056 g·g^(-1)and 0.039 g·g^(-1).With the increase of nitrogen addition level,the P utilizing efficiency of C.pauciflorus gradually increased and reached the highest at N4 level,which was 0.229 g·g^(-1).Nitrogen addition reduced the K utilizing efficiency of C.pauciflorus,and was the lowest at N1 level,which was 0.054 g·g^(-1).

关 键 词：氮添加 少花蒺藜草 生物入侵 营养分配 

分 类 号：S45[农业科学—植物保护]