城市绿地临路边缘植物群落特征对交通源PM2.5的影响  

Impacts of plant community characteristics on traffic-related PM2.5 on the near-road edge of urban green space

作　　者：谢雅芬 王峥 郑亦卿 范舒欣 董丽[1] XIE Yafen;WANG Zheng;ZHENG Yiqing;FAN Shuxin;DONG Li(College of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《生态科学》2024年第6期60-69,共10页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3802602)。

摘　　要：为探究城市绿地临路边缘植物群落特征对交通源PM_(2.5)的影响,基于夏、冬两季的实地测量,针对不同近路距离下不同植物群落类型间PM_(2.5)减滞量的差异,以及群落冠层结构特征对PM_(2.5)减滞量的影响展开定量研究,以期为绿地边缘区域植物群落配置提供理论指导。结果发现:冬季植物群落的PM_(2.5)减滞量高于夏季,PM_(2.5)最大减滞量出现在近路距离50 m处。4种常见群落类型中,阔叶乔灌草型群落对PM_(2.5)的减滞效果最好,但是在靠近绿地内部的50 m和100 m处针阔乔草型群落最好。植物群落郁闭度、疏透度与PM_(2.5)减滞量间为存在明显拐点阈值的非线性响应关系,疏透度与PM_(2.5)减滞量的相关性更显著。绿地临路边缘50 m和100 m处群落郁闭度为0.81—0.83时减滞PM_(2.5)效果最佳,5 m和20 m处的郁闭度宜调整为0.62—0.67;距外部道路50 m的绿地临路边缘内,群落疏透度宜为0.30—0.36。Understanding the impacts of plant community characteristics on traffic-related PM_(2.5)may better facilitate the mitigation of PM_(2.5)pollution through the plant community construction on the edge of urban green space.Based on field investigations in summer and winter,the differences of PM_(2.5)reduction among different plant community types at different distances from road were analyzed,and correlations between PM_(2.5)reduction and canopy parameters were further established to detect critical thresholds.The results show that the reduction of PM_(2.5)in winter is higher than that in summer,and the maximum reduction of PM_(2.5)appears at 50 m from the road.Among four plant community types,broad-leafed trees,shrubs and grasses type may most effectively reduce PM_(2.5),while mixed trees and grasses type has the best effect in the position close to the interior of the green space.The responses of PM_(2.5)reduction to canopy density and porosity are complicated,featuring non-linear relationships with critical thresholds.Besides,the correlation between PM_(2.5)reduction and canopy density is more significant.A canopy density range 0.81-0.83 exhibits outstanding effects on reducing PM_(2.5)at 50 m and 100 m of the near-road edge of green space,while range 0.62-0.67 exhibits great effects at 5 m and 20 m.Furthermore,the suitable range of canopy porosity for 50 m wide near-road edge of urban green space is 0.30-0.36.

关 键 词：临路边缘 植物群落 构成类型 冠层结构 PM_(2.5) 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学]