基于隶属函数法的草原区金属矿山废弃地生态修复植物筛选  

Plant screening of ecological restoration in steppe metal mine wasteland based on subordinate membership function method

作　　者：珊丹[1,2] 郭建英[1,2] 荣浩[2] 张铁钢[1,2] 张菲[2] SHAN Dan;GUO Jiangying;RONG Hao;ZHANG Tiegang;ZHANG Fei(Yinshanbeilu Grassland Eco-hydrology National Observation and Research Station,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing,100038,China;Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area Ministry of Water Resources,Hohhot,010020,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,内蒙古阴山北麓草原生态水文国家野外科学观测研究站,北京100038 [2]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《生态科学》2024年第6期158-168,共11页Ecological Science

基　　金：鄂尔多斯市科技合作重大专项(2021EEDSCXQDFZ2016);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2019GG023)。

摘　　要：以内蒙古锡林郭勒典型草原金属矿山废弃地生态修复筛选适宜植物种为目的,从乡土植物、引进物种中选取了生态适应能力较强的植物种进行野外栽植对比试验,分析了植物主要生物品质和生理指标变化,并运用主成分分析法及隶属函数法对16种植物的生态适应性进行综合评价。主成分分析结果表明,前三个主成分累积贡献率达到83.217%,能够代表变量信息,第一主成分反映了植物光合能力的强弱,第二、第三主成分反映出植物抗逆性与渗透调解物质和细胞膜透性之间的关系。通过隶属函数法获得综合评价值(D)较高的植物为柠条、燕麦、沙蒿、沙打旺、紫花苜蓿、无芒雀麦,说明这几种植物对于项目区的气候状况、土壤环境等自然条件的适应性较强,研究区可选择以一、二年生的燕麦、草木樨作为先锋植物,采用柠条搭配多年生豆科植物(紫花苜蓿、沙打旺)、禾本科植物(无芒雀麦、扁穗冰草)的配置模式进行植物恢复与重建。研究结果为典型草原矿区生态修复提供了的种质资源,并为进一步的植物种优化配置提供了科学依据。In order to select suitable plant varieties for ecological restoration on metal mine wasteland where located in ecologically fragile grassland,field comparative cultivation experiments of plants with strong ecological adaptability were carried out,which were selected from native and introduced varieties.Then the biological quality and physiological indexes of plants were analyzed,the ecological adaptability of 16 plant varieties were further comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis and membership function method.Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components reached 83.217%,which could represent variable information.The first principal component reflected the photosynthesis capacity of plants,the second and the third principal component reflected the relationship between plant stress resistance and osmotic regulators and cell membrane permeability.The plants with high comprehensive evaluation value(D)based on membership function were Caragana korshinskii,Avena chinensis,Artemisia desertorum,Astragalus adsurgens,Medicago sativa and Bromus inermis,indicating that these plants had strong adaptability to natural conditions such as climate and soil environment in the project area.Annual and biennial herbs such as Avena chinensis and Melilotus suaveolens could be selected as pioneer plants,and the configuration pattern of Caragana korshinskii with perennial leguminous plants(Medicago sativa,Astragalus adsurgens)and perennial gramineae plants(Bromus inermis,Agropyron cristatum)could be used for plant restoration.The results could provide good germplasm resources for ecological restoration in the steppe mining areas,and provide a scientific basis for further optimal allocation of plant species.

关 键 词：植物品种 抗逆性 隶属函数 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]