身体活动对ADHD儿童青少年工作记忆的影响:系统综述  

Effects of Physical Activity on Working Memory in Children and Adolescents with ADHD:A Systematic Review

作　　者：罗乔有 吴绍奎 王超超 田祖国[1] LUO Qiaoyou;WU Shaokui;WANG Chaochao;TIAN Zuguo(Hunan University,College of Physical Education,Changsha Hunan,410082;Guizhou University,College of Physical Education,Guiyang Guizhou,550025;Shanxi University,College of Physical Education,Taiyuan Shanxi,030006)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学体育学院,湖南长沙410082 [2]贵州大学体育学院,贵州贵阳550025 [3]山西大学体育学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《湖北体育科技》2025年第1期64-72,102,共10页Hubei Sports Science

基　　金：湖南省学位与研究生教育教改思政重点项目(2023JGSZ029)。

摘　　要：目的系统综述身体活动对注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童青少年工作记忆的影响,对影响干预效果的因素进行梳理,并讨论影响机制。方法采用主题词检索法,共检索Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、EBSCO、The Cochrane Library、ProQuest、CNKI等7个数据库,检索时间范围为建库至2024年1月,从文献中提取作者和国家等10项内容,并采用物理治疗证据数据库(PEDro)量表对文献进行质量评价,然后进行系统综述。结果最终纳入15篇文献,来自6个国家,13项是随机对照试验,2项是随机临床试验,共涉及813例研究对象,主要以男性为主。所有纳入研究的质量平均分为7.26分,整体研究质量较好。结论纳入文献中共有11篇(73.3%)显示身体活动可以改善ADHD儿童青少年的工作记忆,且持续4周及以上,30~60 min/次、3次/周的开放式运动技能和有氧运动等中等强度训练,效果可能更佳。Objective To provide a systematic review of the effects of physical activity on working memory in children and adolescents with ADHD,to sort out the factors that influence the effectiveness of the intervention,and to discuss the mechanisms of influence.Methods A total of seven databases,including Web of Science,PubMed,Embase,EBSCO,The Cochrane Library,ProQuest,and CNKI,were searched using a subject-word search method with a timeframe of the construction of the library to January 2024,and 10 items,such as authors and countries,were extracted from the literature,and the Physical Therapy Evidence Database(PEDro)scale to evaluate the quality of the literature,followed by a systematic review.Results Fifteen papers were finally included,from six countries,13 were randomised controlled trials and two were randomised clinical trials,involving a total of 813 study participants,mainly men.The mean quality score of all included studies was 7.26,giving a good overall study quality.Conclusion A total of 11(73.3%)of the included literature showed that physical activity improves working memory in children and adolescents with ADHD and that moderate-intensity training such as open motor skills and aerobic exercise lasting 4 weeks and more,30-60 min/session,3 times/week,may be more effective.

关 键 词：身体活动 注意力缺陷多动障碍 儿童青少年 认知功能 执行功能 工作记忆 系统综述 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]