溴-锑阻燃剂对聚氨酯薄膜性能的影响  

Effects of Bromine-Antimony Flame Retardants on the Properties of Polyurethane Films

作　　者：穆佳凡 姜凤阳 思芳 杨敏鸽 王俊勃 吴灶生 林跃兴 MU Jiafan;JIANG Fengyang;SI Fang;YANG Minge;WANG Junbo;WU Zaosheng;LIN Yuexing(College of Materials Engineering,Xi'an University of Engineering,Xi'an 710048,China;Shaanxi Dingxin Huizhi Functional Materials Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710048,China;Fujian Xiangxing Textile Technology Co.,Ltd.,Quanzhou 362000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学材料工程学院,陕西西安710048 [2]陕西鼎新汇智功能材料科技有限公司,陕西西安710048 [3]福建省向兴纺织科技有限公司,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《塑料工业》2025年第1期36-41,共6页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：陕西省技术创新引导计划(2024QCY-KXJ-021);陕西省科技厅三项改革项目(2024ZC-YYDP-17);西安市科技计划项目(2023GXFW0021)。

摘　　要：为提升聚氨酯(PU)薄膜材料的阻燃性能,通过采用复配三氧化二锑(Sb2O_(3))和十溴二苯乙烷(DBDPE)组成的协效阻燃体系,制备出不同含量溴-锑复配的PU阻燃透湿薄膜,采用热重分析(TG)、垂直燃烧测试(UL94)分析PU阻燃透湿薄膜的阻燃性,通过接触角、透湿率(WVT)研究其疏水性和透湿性,并通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察其微观结构,研究不同含量溴-锑复配阻燃剂对PU阻燃透湿薄膜的透湿性、疏水性,阻燃性及热稳定性的影响。结果表明,溴-锑复配阻燃剂能有效提升PU阻燃透湿薄膜的阻燃性能;当复配阻燃剂含量为28%时,PU阻燃透湿薄膜接触角由112.99°增大到123.69°,提升了9.5%,疏水性增强;PU复合材料的初始热分解温度(Tonset)从235℃提升至271℃,残炭率(600℃)达到22.48%,提高了4.21个百分点,UL94垂直燃烧等级为V-0级;SEM形貌分析中,溴-锑复配阻燃剂含量的增加,其排列从疏松至紧密,阻燃空白区域减少,有利于提升PU阻燃透湿薄膜的阻燃性能。To enhance the flame retardancy of polyurethane(PU)film materials,PU flame retardant and moisture permeable films with different contents of bromine-antimony compound were prepared by using a synergistic flame retardant system composed of compounded antimony trioxide(Sb2 O_(3))and decabromodiphenylethane(DBDPE).The flame retardancy of PU flame retardant and moisture permeable films was analyzed by thermo-gravimetric analysis(TG)and vertical combustion test(UL94).The hydrophobicity and moisture permeability were investigated by contact angle and moisture vapor transmission rate(WVT).The microstructures were observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM).These experiments were used to study the effects of different contents of bromine-antimony flame retardants on the moisture permeability,hydrophobicity,flame retardancy and thermal stability of PU flame retardant and moisture permeable films.The results show that the bromine-antimony compound flame retardant could effectively improve the flame retardant performances of PU flame retardant and moisture permeable films.When the content of compound flame retardant is 28%,the contact angle of PU flame retardant and moisture permeable film is increased from 112.99°to 123.69°,which is increased by 9.5%,showing that the hydrophobicity is enhanced.The initial thermal decomposition temperature(Tonset)of the PU composite material is increased from 235℃to 271℃.The composite residual carbon rate at 600℃reaches 22.48%,showing an increase of 4.21 percentage points.And the UL94 vertical combustion grade of the PU composite material is V-0 grade.In SEM analysis,with the content increase,the arrangement of bromo-antimony composite flame retardants changes from loose to compact,and the flame retardancy blank areas decrease,which is conducive to the enhancement of the flame retardancy performances of PU flame retardant and moisture permeable films.

关 键 词：聚氨酯薄膜 阻燃 透湿 热稳定性 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]