矮败小麦在新品种培育和种质创新中的应用进展  

Progress in the Application of Dwarf Male-Sterile Wheat in Cultivation of New Varieties and Germplasm Innovation

作　　者：赵丽娟[1] 宋维富[1] 杨雪峰[1] 刘东军[1] 仇林 宋庆杰[1] 张春利[1] 辛文利[1] ZHAO Lijuan;SONG Weifu;YANG Xuefeng;LIU Dongjun;QIU Lin;SONG Qingjie;ZHANG Chunli;XIN Wenli(Crop Resources Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院作物资源研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2025年第2期188-193,共6页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(LH2023C093);黑龙江省现代农业产业技术小麦协同创新推广体系项目;国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1200903);国家小麦产业技术体系春麦品种改良岗位科学家项目(CARS-03-12)。

摘　　要：矮败小麦是显性核不育基因(Ms2)和显性矮秆基因(Rht-D1c)紧密连锁、具有表型遗传标记的特异种质,是群体改良和相关遗传研究的理想工具。利用其构建的育种技术体系在小麦育种实践中不断发展、创新和完善。该技术结合单倍体育种和分子标记辅助选择等手段,可快速培育具有目标性状的导入系,实现多个目标基因在优良遗传背景下的聚合和定向构建轮回选择群体,加快小麦重要性状的改良速度,对选育有突破性状的新品种及创制遗传背景丰富的优良育种材料有重要价值。Dwarf male-sterile wheat is a specific germplasm with phenotypic genetic markers closely linked to the dominant nuclear sterile gene(Ms2)and dominant dwarf gene(Rht-D1c),and is an ideal tool for population improvement and related genetic research.The breeding technology system constructed by dwarf male-sterile wheat is continuously developed,innovated and improved in wheat breeding practice.This technology,combined with haploid breeding and molecular marker assisted selection,can quickly cultivate introgression lines with target traits,achieve the aggregation of multiple target genes in a favorable genetic background,and orientingly construct a recurrent selection population,so as to accelerate the improvement speed of important wheat traits.It is of great value for breeding new varieties with breakthrough traits and creating excellent breeding materials with various genetic backgrounds.

关 键 词：矮败小麦 轮回选择 育种技术 分子标记 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330