氮硫互作对冬小麦干物质积累和籽粒产量的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen and Sulfur Interaction on Dry Matter Accumulation and Grain Yield of Winter Wheat

作　　者：董文楠 兰会杰 郝倩倩 秦保平 张敏 蔡瑞国 杨晴 李昊昱 杨敏 DONG Wennan;LAN Huijie;HAO Qianqian;QIN Baoping;ZHANG Min;CAI Ruiguo;YANG Qing;LI Haoyu;YANG Min(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology/Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066600,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院农学与生物科技学院/河北省作物逆境生物学重点实验室,河北秦皇岛066600

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2025年第2期194-203,共10页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：河北省农业科技成果转化资金项目(21626409D);河北省自然科学基金项目(C2020407038;C2022407015);“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0300506-3)。

摘　　要：为探明冀东地区氮硫肥对冬小麦干物质积累和籽粒产量的互作效应,选用冬小麦品种石农952为材料,通过裂区试验,以施氮量为主区[0 kg·hm^(-2)(N0)、180 kg·hm^(-2)(N1)、240 kg·hm^(-2)(N2)和300 kg·hm^(-2)(N3)]、施硫量为副区[82.5 kg·hm^(-2)(S1)、112.5 kg·hm^(-2)(S2)、142.5 kg·hm^(-2)(S3)和172.5 kg·hm^(-2)(S4)],分析了不同处理下冬小麦旗叶叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)、叶面积指数(LAI)、干物质和氮素转运特性及籽粒产量的差异。结果表明,施氮量和施硫量显著影响冬小麦LAI和旗叶SPAD值。N1S2处理的开花期旗叶SPAD值最高,与N2S2和N3S2以外的其他处理差异显著;增施硫肥有利于冬小麦孕穗期LAI的提高,在各施氮水平下均以S2最高。施用氮硫肥对小麦花前干物质和氮素转运以及花后干物质和氮素积累均有显著影响,二者存在明显的互作效应。小麦籽粒产量为7364.71~10078.20 kg·hm^(-2),且随施氮量增加而显著增加,其中N2S3处理显著高于N0和N1水平下的各施硫处理,但与N2和N3水平下的其他施硫处理无显著差异。施硫量对籽粒产量和千粒重均无显著影响。综合来看,适量施用氮硫肥有利于冬小麦获得较高的旗叶SPAD值和LAI,增强叶片光合能力,促进花后干物质积累和花前氮素转运,最终增加冬小麦产量,其中施氮240 kg·hm^(-2)和施硫82.5 kg·hm^(-2)是本试验条件下最适宜氮硫肥用量组合。In order to investigate the interaction effect of nitrogen(N)and sulfur(S)fertilizer on dry matter accumulation and grain yield of winter wheat in eastern Hebei Province,a winter wheat Shinong 952 was used as material.A split plot design was adopted,with the N application as main plot:0 kg·hm^(-2)(N0),180 kg·hm^(-2)(N1),240 kg·hm^(-2)(N2)and 300 kg·hm^(-2)(N3),and S application as the sub-plot:82.5 kg·hm^(-2)(S1),112.5 kg·hm^(-2)(S2),142.5 kg·hm^(-2)(S3)and 172.5 kg·hm^(-2)(S4).The differences of chlorophyll relative content(SPAD),leaf area index(LAI),dry matter and nitrogen translocation,and grain yield of winter wheat under different treatments were analyzed.The results showed that N and S application significantly affected LAI and flag leaf SPAD of winter wheat.The SPAD value of N1S2 treatment was the highest at anthesis,which was significantly higher than the other treatments except N2S2 and N3S2.The N and S application had positive effects on the translocation of dry matter and nitrogen restored before anthesis,and the accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen after anthesis,the interaction between N and S nutrition also was significant.Wheat grain yield ranged from 7364.71 kg·hm^(-2) to 10078.20 kg·hm^(-2) under different treatments,and increased significantly with the increase of N application amount.The grain yield of N2S3 treatment was significantly higher than the treatments under N0 and N1 levels,but was no significantly different from the other treatments under N2 and N3 levels.S application had no significant effect on grain yield and 1000-grain weight of wheat.Overall,the application of nitrogen-sulfur fertilizer with right amounts is conducive to higher SPAD values and LAI in the flag leaves of winter wheat,can enhance the photosynthetic capacity of the leaves,promote post-anthesis dry matter accumulation and pre-anthesis nitrogen translocation,and ultimately increase winter wheat yield.240 kg N·hm^(-2) and 82.5 kg S·hm^(-2) were the most suitable N and S fertilizer combinations for savin

关 键 词：冬小麦 氮硫互作 干物质 籽粒产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311