61例吸食含依托咪酯电子烟患者的临床特征分析  

Analysis of Clinical Characteristics of 61 Patients with Etomidate-containing E-cigarettes

作　　者：崔超丹 郑俊玮 曾莞勇 胡誉怀 李影 李妹 范妮[3] CUI Chaodan;ZHENG Junwei;ZENG Guanyong;HU Yuhuai;LI Ying;LI Mei;FAN Ni(Guangzhou Baiyun Psychological Hospital,Guangzhou 510400,Guangdong,China;National Institute on Drug Dependence,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510095,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广州白云心理医院,广东广州510400 [2]北京大学中国药物依赖性研究所/北京大学基础医学院药理系,北京100191 [3]广州医科大学附属脑科医院,广东广州510095

出　　处：《中国药物滥用防治杂志》2024年第12期2165-2166,2176,共3页Chinese Journal of Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2018YFC1314400;2018YFC1314401)。

摘　　要：目的:探究吸食含依托咪酯电子烟滥用者的临床特征、滥用情况及治疗反应情况。方法:通过收集61例滥用依托咪酯电子烟患者的临床病历资料,分析其临床表现、住院期间戒断症状、治疗用药使用情况以及住院期间的恢复情况。结果:共61例患者中,其中男性多于女性,以中青年为主,未婚居多,文化程度以初中为主,职业方面以无业者为主。此外,患者平均住院时长为(15.52±6.13)d。依托咪酯电子烟滥用的平均时长近7个月,合并使用其他毒品的人数9例,既往有过吸食毒品的人数14例。汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)及汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分均值在(8.11±3.74)分,匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评分均值在(11.4±2.71)分,症状自评量表(SCL-90)评分均值在(136±31.2)分。其中,19例患者的血钾低于3.5 mmol/L,存在不同程度的低血钾,最低血钾水平为2.45 mmol/L。治疗效果方面,52例(85.2%)达到临床治愈。结论:吸食含依托咪酯电子烟患者存在抑郁、焦虑、睡眠障碍及多种心理问题,部分伴有低血钾症状。戒断症状及治疗反应方面,大部分患者经治疗后达到临床治愈,但复吸率较高。针对依托咪酯电子烟滥用问题,应加强监管和打击力度,提高公众对其危害的认识,并加强家庭和社会的共同支持。Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics,abuse and treatment response of etomidate-containing e-cigarette abusers.Methods:The clinical data of 61 patients who abused etomidate e-cigarettes were collected,and their clinical manifestations,withdrawal symptoms during hospitalization,use of therapeutic drugs and recovery during hospitalization were analyzed.Results:Among the 61 patients,there were more males than females,mainly young and middle-aged,unmarried,mainly junior high school education,and unemployed.In addition,the average length of hospitalization was(15.52±6.13)d.The average duration of etomidate e-cigarette abuse was nearly 7 months.There were 9 cases of combined use of other drugs and 14 cases of previous drug abuse.The average scores of Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)were(8.11±3.74)scores,the average score of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)was(11.4±2.71)scores,and the average score of Symptom Checklist(SCL-90)was(136±31.2)scores.Among them,19 patients had serum potassium lower than 3.5 mmol/L,with varying degrees of hypokalemia,and the lowest serum potassium level was 2.45 mmol/L.In terms of treatment effect,52 cases(85.2%)achieved clinical cure.Conclusion:Patients with etomidate-containing e-cigarettes have depression,anxiety,sleep disorders and a variety of psychological problems,some of which are accompanied by hypokalemia.In terms of withdrawal symptoms and treatment response,most patients achieved clinical cure after treatment,but the relapse rate was high.In view of the abuse of etomidate e-cigarettes,we should strengthen supervision and crackdown,raise public awareness of its harm,and strengthen the common support of families and society.

关 键 词：依托咪酯 成瘾 临床表现 戒断症状 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]