道家自然观下的生态整体主义文学建构:以沈从文与哈代小说为中心  

Construction of Literary of Ecological Holism through a Taoist View of Nature:Comparing Shen Congwen's and Thomas Hardy's Novels

作　　者：刘月洁 LIU Yuejie(Center for Comparative Literature and Cross-Cultural Studies,College of Foreign Languages and Cultures,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学外文学院比较文学与跨文化研究中心,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《西南大学学报(社会科学版)》2024年第6期273-284,共12页Journal of Southwest University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“艺格敷词视角下哈代的跨媒介书写研究”(24YJC752010),项目负责人:刘月洁;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“道家哲学生态批评:沈从文与托马斯·哈代乡土小说比较研究”(2072021115),项目负责人:刘月洁;福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目(世界语言与文化研究专项)“沈从文与哈代小说中的‘自然’”(JSZW22001),项目负责人:刘月洁。

摘　　要：随着全球环境问题的加剧以及国家对生态文明建设的深入探索,生态整体主义作为一种强调生态系统整体性和内在价值的哲学思想,逐渐成为学术研究的重要话题。生态整体主义的核心思想是将生态系统的整体利益视为最高价值。国内生态整体论研究的独特性,在于对西方二元论影响下的分离性世界观以及人类中心主义的强烈批判。以中西乡土文学的代表性作家沈从文和哈代为案例,研究发现,在城乡冲突激烈、生态矛盾显化的社会背景下,两位作家的文学作品建构了湘西和威塞克斯的不同形态的整体主义生态,在道家自然观的生态整体论的观照下,两位作家小说中表现出关系性自我和静寂美学特征,二者形成了生态哲学的跨时空对话,可以提供不同时空和语境下生态整体主义层面上的文明交流互鉴。With the intensification of global environmental problems and China's in-depth exploration of ecological civilization construction,ecological holism,as a philosophical thought that emphasizes the integrity and intrinsic value of ecosystems,has gradually become an important topic of academic research.The core idea of ecological holism is to regard the overall interests of the ecosystem as the highest value.The uniqueness of domestic ecological holism research lies in its strong criticism of the separatist worldview and anthropocentrism influenced by Western dualism.Taking two representative writers of Chinese and Western rural literature,Shen Congwen and Thomas Hardy,as examples,it is found that in the social context of fierce urban-rural conflicts and prominent ecological problems,the literary works of the two writers construct different forms of holistic ecology in the fictional worlds of Xiangxi and Wessex.Under the guidance of the Taoist ecological holism of nature,the two writers'novels show the characteristics of relational self and the aesthetics of silence,which form a cross-temporal and spatial dialogue of ecological philosophy and can provide a basis for exchange and mutual learning among civilizations in terms of ecological holism.

关 键 词：生态整体主义 自然 道家 沈从文 哈代 

分 类 号：I561.06[文学—其他各国文学]