立枯丝核菌融合群AG-5生防菌株筛选、鉴定及其防治效果  

Screening,characterization,and control efficacy of biocontrol strains against Rhizoctonia solani AG-5

作　　者：张贵森 王勇[1] 史晓晶 赵劲宇 刁红亮 马瑞燕[1,2] Zhang Guisen;Wang Yong;Shi Xiaojing;Zhao Jinyu;Diao Hongliang;Ma Ruiyan(College of Plant Protection,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 030801,Shanxi Province,China;Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture,College of Plant Protection,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,Shanxi Province,China;Department of Biology,Xinzhou Normal University,Xinzhou 034000,Shanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学植物保护学院,山西晋中030801 [2]山西农业大学植物保护学院,农业有害生物综合治理山西省重点实验室,山西太原030031 [3]忻州师范学院生物系,山西忻州034000

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2024年第6期1347-1358,共12页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-28-19);农业农村部西北黄土高原作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室开放基金课题(KFJJ202403);广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室、农业农村部广西甘蔗生物技术与遗传改良重点实验室开放课题(21-238-16-K-05-03)。

摘　　要：为探索绿色、安全的玉米纹枯病防治方法,以玉米种子为材料分离种源内生细菌,通过平板对峙法和菌丝生长抑制法筛选对玉米纹枯病病原菌——立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani融合群AG-5有生防潜力的菌株,通过形态学观察和分子生物学技术鉴定生防菌株的分类地位,并测定生防菌株发酵的最佳时间、抑菌物质的热稳定性和对菌核萌发的抑制作用,利用盆栽试验测定其发酵液对立枯丝核菌融合群AG-5的防治效果。结果表明:从玉米种子中分离到11株种源内生细菌,其中有6株对立枯丝核菌融合群AG-5有拮抗作用,菌株SF-11的抑菌效果最强,抑制率为77.35%;结合形态学特征、LS-BSR及核心基因系统发育分析结果,将菌株SF-11鉴定为多黏类芽胞杆菌Paenibacillus polymyxa;菌株SF-11培养27 h时抑菌物质产量达到最高,对立枯丝核菌融合群AG-5的抑制率为88.10%;抑菌物质在80℃及以下稳定,且可抑制立枯丝核菌融合群AG-5菌核的萌发;施用菌株SF-11的保护效果为84.59%,显著高于其治疗效果(75.49%),但与对照药剂井冈霉素的防治效果差异不显著。表明多黏类芽胞杆菌SF-11菌株具有开发为玉米纹枯病生物防治资源的潜力。The maize sheath blight disease is widely prevalent in Shanxi Province.Herein,to investi-gate environmentally friendly and safe approaches,maize seeds were used to isolate seed-borne endo-phytic bacteria,and eleven endophytic bacteria were isolated.These eleven endophytic bacteria were evaluated through the plate confrontation and mycelial growth inhibition method against the pathogen Rhizoctonia solani AG-5 to select the strains with bio-control potential.Then the strains were identified based on morphological observation and molecular biological analysis.Key parameters such as optimal fermentation time,heat stability of the inhibitory substance,and its effect on sclerotia germination were assessed.The control efficacy of the fermentation broth against R.solani AG-5 was evaluated in a pot experiment.The results indicated that six out of the eleven isolated seed-borne endophytic bacterial strains demonstrated antagonistic effects against R.solani AG-5,with the SF-11 bacterial strain showing the strongest inhibition at 77.35%.The SF-11 endophytic bacterial strain was identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa by morphological characterization,large-scale blast score ratio analysis,and the phylogenetic analysis of core genes.The production of its inhibitory substance reached the maximum at 27 h of culti-vation,achieving an inhibition rate of 88.10%.The inhibitory substances remained stable at tempera-tures up to 80 C and effectively inhibited sclerotia germination.There was no significant difference in control efficacy between the SF-11 fermented supernatant and jinggangmycin.But the preventive effica-cy(84.59%)of the SF-11 fermented supernatant was significantly higher than its curative efficacy(75.49%).To summarize,the strain SF-11 of P polymyxa possesses significant potential to be developed as a biocontrol agent to control maize sheath blight disease.

关 键 词：立枯丝核菌融合群AG-5 玉米纹枯病 多黏类芽胞杆菌 种源内生细菌 鉴定 抑菌物质 

分 类 号：S43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]