旱地与补灌条件下不同基因型小麦耐旱性评价  

Evaluation of drought tolerance of different wheat genotypesunder dryland and supplementary irrigation conditions

作　　者：孙宪印[1] 吕广德 亓晓蕾[1] 徐加利 孙盈盈 米勇[1] 牟秋焕[1] 尹逊栋 张继波[2] 王瑞霞[1] 钱兆国[1] 高明刚 SUN Xianyin;LV Guangde;QI Xiaolei;XU Jiali;SUN Yingying;MI Yong;MU Qiuhuan;YIN Xundong;ZHANG Jibo;WANG Ruixia;QIAN Zhaoguo;GAO Minggang(Tai’an Academy of Agricultural Science,Tai’an,Shandong 271000,China;Shandong Provincial Meteorological Center,Ji’nan,Shandong 250031,China;Weifang University,Weifang,Shandong 261061,China)

机构地区：[1]泰安市农业科学院,山东泰安271000 [2]山东省气候中心,山东济南250031 [3]潍坊学院,山东潍坊261061

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2025年第1期13-20,共8页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家小麦产业技术体系泰安综合试验站项目(CARS-03-61);山东省现代农业产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-01-05);山东省重点研发计划项目(2018GNC2302);泰安市科技创新发展项目(2020NS078)。

摘　　要：为在干旱胁迫条件下从不同小麦品系中筛选耐旱性强且具有高产稳产特性的基因型,采用随机区组设计,于2022—2023年在泰安市农业科学院马庄试验农场开展田间试验,以14个不同基因型小麦品系为材料,设置自然干旱和补灌条件2个处理,以旱地与补灌条件下产量为基础,采用平均产量(MP)、几何平均产量(GMP)、抗旱系数(DRC)、抗旱指数(DRI)和干旱耐受指数(STI)共5个抗旱性指标对不同品系进行比较和抗旱性分级。结果表明,对比不同品系的干旱指标数值的大小与位次变化,V7、V14、V2和V12基因型排名靠前,具有高产、稳产特点。同时STI、GMP、MP指标与旱地产量和补灌产量均呈极显著正相关关系且表现出较好的产量一致性;主成分分析和聚类分析结果均进一步明确了这些基因型的耐旱及高产稳产特性。综上,在干旱与补灌条件下,STI、GMP、MP和DRI指标可用于耐旱高产基因型的鉴别和分级,综合利用5种抗旱指标筛选出耐旱高产品系分别为V7、V14、V2和V12,各品系抗旱性级别分别为1、2、2级和1级。This study was conducted to determine genotypes with strong drought tolerance and high and stable yield characteristics from different wheat lines under drought stress conditions.Using a randomized block design,14 different genotype wheat lines were tested at Mazhuang Experimental Farm of Tai'an Academy of Agricultural Sciences during 2022-2023.The experiment set up drought and irrigation treatments,based on dryland yield and irrigation yield,and adopted mean productivity(MP),geometric mean productivity(GMP),drought resistance coefficient(DRC),drought resistance index(DRI),and stress tolerance index(STI) to compare the drought resistance of different lines.The result showed that according to the values and ranks of different drought indicators for different lines,genotypes V7,V14,V2,and V12 ranked higher,demonstrating high and stable yield performance.The STI,GMP,and MP indicators were significantly positively correlated with both dryland yield and irrigation yield and exhibited good yield consistency.Both principal component analysis and cluster analysis further clarified the drought-tolerant,high-yield,and stable-yield characteristics of these genotypes.This study demonstrated that under drought and irrigation conditions,the STI,GMP,MP,and DRI indicators were effective for identifying and classifying drought-tolerant and high-yielding genotypes.By comprehensively utilizing these four drought-resistance indicators,the drought-tolerant and high-yielding lines V7,V14,V2,and V12 were identified,with drought resistance grades of 1,2,2,and 1,respectively.

关 键 词：小麦 基因型 干旱胁迫 主成分分析 聚类分析 耐旱性指标 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S275S32