儿童家长对非免疫规划疫苗KAP各维度的量化评价及影响因素分析  

Quantitative evaluation and influencing factor analysis of parents'KAP dimensions towards non-immunization program vaccines for children

作　　者：朱丹枫 栾琳[1,2] 沈祎兰 郑本锋 高金玲[1] 刘娜 ZHU Danfeng;LUAN Lin;SHEN Yilan;ZHENG Benfeng;GAO Jinling;LIU Na(Department of Immunization Planning,Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215000,China;School of Public Health,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210029,China;Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Suzhou Gusu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215026,China;Immunization Planning Center,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州市疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,江苏苏州215000 [2]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京210029 [3]苏州市姑苏区疾病预防控制中心传染病防制科,江苏苏州215026 [4]中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心,北京100050

出　　处：《职业与健康》2024年第23期3238-3242,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：中国乙肝防控科研基金项目(YGFK20210114)。

摘　　要：目的 了解苏州市0~6岁儿童家长对非免疫规划疫苗的知识-态度-行为(knowledge-attitude-practice,KAP),分析非免疫规划疫苗接种相关影响因素。方法 2024年1月,采用便利抽样的方法,对抽取的78个预防接种门诊0~6岁儿童家长进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 0~6岁儿童家长在非免疫规划疫苗KAP各维度的得分分别为(5.85±1.03)、(15.67±2.42)和(4.20±0.73)分,得分率分别为73.1%、78.3%和70.0%。约35.30%、29.83%的家长通过手机、医务人员获取相关信息,居非免疫规划疫苗知识获取途径的前两位。各有11、9、7项因素显著影响0~6岁儿童家长对非免疫规划疫苗的KAP各维度量化得分。各维度中,知识与态度得分呈正相关(OR=2.32,P<0.01)、知识与行为得分呈正相关(OR=2.35,P<0.01),态度与行为得分呈正相关(OR=4.25,P<0.01)。结论 苏州市0~6岁儿童家长的非免疫规划疫苗知识水平有待提高。手机等新媒体传播非免疫规划疫苗信息的正向性、准确性亟需全社会关注。儿童母亲相较于其他亲属对于疫苗接种更加谨慎。非免疫规划疫苗KAP各维度相辅相成、密切联系。Objective To understand the knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP)among parents of children aged O-6 years in Suzhou City towards non-national immunization program(non-NIP)vaccines,and analyze the influencing factors of vaccination of non-NIP vaccines.Methods In January 2024,a convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 78 parents of children aged O-6 from vaccination clinics,and the data were analyzed.Results The scores of parents of children aged O-6 years in various dimensions of KAP for non-NIP vaccines were(5.85±1.03),(15.67+2.42)and(4.20+0.73)points,with score rates of 73.1%,78.3%and 70.0%,respectively.About 35.3%and 29.83%of parents obtained relevant information through mobile phones and medical staffs,ranking among the top two non-NIP vaccines knowledge acquisition channels.There were 11,9 and 7 factors significantly affected the quantitative scores of KAP dimensions towards non-NIP vaccines among parents of children aged O-6 years.Knowledge scores was positively correlated with attitude and behavior scores(OR=2.32,2.35,both P<0.01),while attitude scores was positively correlated with behavior scores(OR=4.25,P<0.01).Conclusion The knowledge level towards non-NIP vaccines among parents of children aged O-6 years in Suzhou City needs to be improved.The positivity and accuracy of information about non-NIP vaccines transmittted by new media such as mobile phones urgently requires the attention of the whole society.Mothers of children are more cautious about vaccination than other relatives.The dimensions of KAP towards non-NIP vaccines are closely related and complement with each other.

关 键 词：0~6岁儿童家长 非免疫规划疫苗 KAP多维度 量化得分 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]