富高岭石煤矸石中铝和硅的浸出及动力学研究  

Leaching and Kinetics of Aluminum and Silicon from Kaolinite-Rich Coal Gangue

作　　者：汪洋洋 姚隆帆 戴露霏 李忠 孟凡会 WANG Yangyang;YAO Longfan;DAI Lufei;LI Zhong;MENG Fanhui(State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization,College of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学化学工程与技术学院,省部共建煤基能源清洁高效利用国家重点实验室,太原030024

出　　处：《硅酸盐通报》2025年第1期202-211,共10页Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划(202102090301026)。

摘　　要：富高岭石煤矸石含有大量SiO_(2)和Al_(2)O_(3),以该煤矸石为研究对象,采用盐酸酸浸法浸出其中的Al_(2)O_(3),采用NaOH碱浸法浸出酸浸渣中的SiO_(2),考察酸浸浓度、酸浸温度、酸浸时间及液固比对焙烧活化后煤矸石中Al_(2)O_(3)浸出率的影响,并探究碱浸条件对酸浸渣中SiO_(2)浸出率的影响。结果表明,采用单变量实验优化酸浸和碱浸条件时,在最佳条件下煤矸石中Al_(2)O_(3)的浸出率达92.6%,酸浸渣中SiO_(2)的浸出率达99.1%。动力学研究表明,煤矸石酸浸过程的动力学符合内扩散和化学反应混合控制模型,碱浸过程动力学符合化学反应控制模型。酸浸混合控制模型和碱浸化学反应控制模型的表观反应速率常数对数lnk_(c)和lnk_(b)与T^(-1)之间呈良好的线性关系,并得到了酸浸过程动力学速率方程和碱浸过程动力学速率方程。该研究结果可用于指导工业煤矸石中铝和硅的浸出生产。Kaolinite-rich coal gangue contains a large amount of SiO_(2)and Al_(2)O_(3).In this work,the coal gangue was selected to leach the Al_(2)O_(3)by using hydrochloric acid and then to leach the SiO_(2)from the acid leaching slag by NaOH alkaline.The effects of acid leaching concentration,acid leaching temperature,acid leaching time and liquid-solid ratio on the leaching rate of Al_(2)O_(3)from calcined coal gangue were investigated,and the effects of alkaline leaching conditions on the leaching rate of SiO_(2)from acid leaching slag were also explored.The results show that when the conditions of acid leaching and alkali leaching are optimized by single variable experiment,the leaching rate of Al_(2)O_(3)in coal gangue is 92.6%,and the leaching rate of SiO_(2)in acid leaching residue is 99.1%.The study of the kinetic models of acid leaching and alkaline leaching processes shows that,the kinetics model of the acid leaching process of coal gangue is in accordance with the mixed control model of internal diffusion and chemical reaction,while the alkaline leaching agreed well with the chemical reaction control model.There is a good linear relationship between the logarithm of the apparent reaction rate constants lnk_(c) and lnk_(b) versus T^(-1),for the acid leaching mixed control model and the alkaline leaching chemical reaction control model,respectively.In this paper,the kinetic rate equations of acid leaching process and alkali leaching process are also obtained.The results of this study can be used to guide the production of aluminum and silicon leaching from industrial coal gangue.

关 键 词：富高岭石结构 煤矸石 Al Si 浸出 动力学 活化能 

分 类 号：TF803.21[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]