积极生育保障制度:理论脉络、价值内涵与实践路径  

Proactive Maternity Protection Schemes:Theoretical Context,Value Implications,and Practical Pathways

作　　者：贺丹[1] 史毅[1] He Dan;Shi Yi(China Population and Development Research Center,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人口与发展研究中心

出　　处：《社会保障评论》2025年第1期16-29,共14页Chinese Social Security Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“多源大数据人口监测的理论逻辑和技术方法研究及示范数据库与决策平台建设”(22&ZD197)。

摘　　要：党的二十届三中全会提出完善生育支持政策体系。当前,我国生育支持政策体系逐步优化,经济、时间、服务类举措不断丰富。然而,传统的生育支持政策仍面临政策理念稍显滞后、政策精准性与包容性不足、财政投入相对欠缺等局限,系统性的政策体系难以形成,生育支持政策的实施效果受到制约。依托社会政策理论的理念转向和生育行为理论的解释框架,文章构建了“积极生育保障”的概念,同时对实施积极生育保障的具体内容、分析框架和实施路径进行了探究。在此基础上,建议调整生育支持政策体系的导向、投入和支出衡量标准,综合协调微观家庭生育行为外部性与宏观人口高质量发展均衡性之间的关系,将构建积极生育保障体系作为社会投资的优先重点领域,以人口高质量发展支撑中国式现代化。The Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee proposed the improvement of fertility support policies.Currently,China's fertility support policy system is gradually being optimized,with measures addressing economic,time,and service-related aspects becoming increasingly diverse.However,traditional fertility support policies still face several limitations,including slightly outdated policy concepts,insufficient precision and inclusivity,and a lack of adequate fiscal investment.These challenges hinder the formation of a systematic policy framework and limit the eff ectiveness of policy implementation.Drawing on the theoretical shifts in social policy and the explanatory framework of fertility behavior theory,this paper constructs the concept of"proactive maternity protection"and explores the specific content,analytical framework,and implementation pathways for such a system.Based on this,the paper suggests adjusting the orientation of the fertility support policy system,as well as the measurement standards for investment and expenditure.It also advocates for a comprehensive coordination of the externalities of micro-level family fertility behavior with the balance of macro-level,high-quality population development.The establishment of a proactive fertility support system should be prioritized as a key area of social investment,underpinning China's modernization through high-quality population development.

关 键 词：生育支持政策体系 积极生育保障 人口高质量发展 社会政策理论 生育行为理论 

分 类 号：F27[经济管理—企业管理]