临时救助:共同富裕背景下社会救助体系的新支柱  

Temporary Assistance:A New Pillar in the Social Assistance System in the Context of Common Prosperity

作　　者：张浩淼[1,2] Zhang Haomiao(School of Public Administration,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学公共管理学院 [2]四川大学劳动与社会保障系

出　　处：《社会保障评论》2025年第1期98-111,共14页Chinese Social Security Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“全面建成小康社会背景下相对贫困治理的实现路径研究”(22&ZD060)。

摘　　要：我国临时救助制度建设是为了帮助各类家庭与个人应对突发性、临时性困难,弥补社会救助安全网的漏洞。在迈向共同富裕的背景下,临时救助需要应对风险社会中的人口流动与工作贫困问题,并承担起社会救助体系新支柱的重要任务。作为风险冲击的阻断剂、各救助项目间的勾缝剂和调动社会力量的催化剂,临时救助制度这一新支柱应充分发挥“救急难”“托底线”“促衔接”和“助参与”的功能。为此,需要转变临时救助的理念目标,推动其从补充转为支柱,应提前干预而非最后出台;需要完善制度设计,包括扩大并明确救助对象范围,使其实质性涵盖流动人口,拓展临时救助内容和形式,增加临时救助资金投入;需要优化实施方案,变单一主体为政府主导下的多元参与。The establishment of China's temporary assistance system aims to help families and individuals cope with sudden and temporary hardships,thereby filling gaps in the social assistance safety net.In the context of striving for common prosperity,temporary assistance must address issues such as population mobility and working poverty in a risk society,while taking on the vital role of a new pillar within the social assistance system.Acting as a barrier against risk shocks,a connector between various assistance programs,and a catalyst for mobilizing social forces,this new pillar of temporary assistance should fully leverage its functions of"emergency relief,""safety net provision,""coordination,"and"encouraging participation."To achieve this,it is necessary to shift the conceptual goals of temporary assistance,transitioning it from a supplementary role to a primary pillar that intervenes proactively rather than reactively.Systematic design improvements should include expanding and clarifying the scope of beneficiaries to substantively cover migrant populations,diversifying the content and forms of assistance,and increasing funding for temporary relief.Furthermore,the implementation framework needs to be optimized by replacing the single-agency approach with a multi-stakeholder model under government leadership.

关 键 词：共同富裕 临时救助 社会救助体系 救急难 流动人口 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]