彩色多普勒超声在输尿管结石诊断中的应用价值  

Application Value of Color Doppler Ultrasound in Diagnosis of Ureteral Calculi

作　　者：王璞 严夏 Wang Pu;Yan Xia(Changjiang Hospital of Changjiang Water Resources Commission(Schistosmiasis Control and Monitoring Center),Wuhan 430014,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会长江医院(血吸虫病防治监测中心),湖北武汉430014

出　　处：《中国社区医师》2025年第2期81-83,共3页Chinese Community Doctors

摘　　要：目的:分析彩色多普勒超声在输尿管结石诊断中的应用价值。方法:将2020年1月—2023年1月在长江水利委员会长江医院急诊科就诊的160例疑似输尿管结石患者作为研究对象,患者均接受二维超声检查和彩色多普勒超声检查,统计两种检查结果,以CT检查结果为“金标准”,比较两种检查诊断效能以及对不同输尿管段(上段、中段、下段)结石检出率,分析输尿管结石二维超声图像特征和彩色多普勒超声图像特征。结果:160例疑似患者确诊输尿管结石147例,彩色多普勒超声诊断漏诊3例,误诊3例;二维超声诊断漏诊19例,误诊7例。彩色多普勒超声诊断输尿管结石的灵敏度、阴性预测值、准确度均高于二维超声诊断(P<0.05);两种检查诊断输尿管结石的特异度、阳性预测值比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。输尿管结石二维超声图像特征为强回声团,并伴随明显声影,强光团主要呈圆形、长圆形,少部分呈扁平形或不规则形。输尿管结石彩色多普勒超声图像特征为闪烁伪像、声影、血流信号减弱等。结论:彩色多普勒超声在输尿管结石诊断中的应用价值较高,其图像特征明显,可减少漏诊和误诊的发生,提高诊断效能,为临床相关诊治工作提供科学数据。Objective:To analyze the application value of color Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of ureteral calculi.Methods:A total of 160 patients with suspected ureteral calculi treated in the Emergency Department of Changjiang Hospital of Changjiang Water Resources Commission from January 2020 to January 2023 were selected as the study subjects.All patients were examined by two-dimensional ultrasound and color Doppler ultrasound.The results of two examinations were summarized.The results of the computed tomography scan were taken as the"gold standard"to compare the diagnostic efficiency of two examinations and the detection rates for ureteral calculi in different ureteral segments(upper segment,middle segment and lower segment).The image features of ureteral calculi by two-dimensional ultrasound and color Doppler ultrasound were analyzed.Results:Among 160 suspected patients,147 cases were diagnosed with ureteral calculi,3 cases were missed and 3 cases were misdiagnosed by color Doppler ultrasound;19 cases were missed and 7 cases were misdiagnosed by two-dimensional ultrasound.The sensitivity,negative predictive value and accuracy of color Doppler ultrasound for the diagnosis of ureteral calculi were higher than those of two-dimensional ultrasound diagnosis(P<0.05).There was no statistical difference in the specificity and positive predictive value between two examinations for the diagnosis of ureteral calculi(P>0.05).The image features of ureteral calculi by two-dimensional ultrasound were dense echo groups,accompanied by obvious sound shadows,and the dense echo groups were mainly circular and oblong,and occasionally flat or irregular.The image features of ureteral stones by Color Doppler ultrasound were scintigraphy artifacts,sound shadows and blood flow signal attenuation.Conclusion:Color Doppler ultrasound has high application value in the diagnosis of ureteral calculi with obvious image features,and can reduce the occurrence of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis,improve the diagnostic efficiency and provide scienti

关 键 词：输尿管结石 彩色多普勒超声 二维超声 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]