夜班轮班作业与焦虑情绪对电子制造业员工工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患影响  

Effect of night-shift work and anxiety on work-related musculoskeletal disorders in electronic manufacturing employees

作　　者：李晓艺[1] 梁宇硕 甘雯珍[1] 林瑞祯[2] 虞心阳 陈惠清[1] 杨敏[1] 陈嘉斌[1] LI Xiaoyi;LIANG Yushuo;GAN Wenzhen;LIN Ruizhen;YU Xinyang;CHEN Huiqing;YANG Min;Chen Jiabin(Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院,广东广州510300 [2]广东省人民医院,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2024年第5期505-510,共6页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金项目(B2023176,A2024248)。

摘　　要：目的分析夜班轮班作业和焦虑情绪及其交互作用对电子制造业员工工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)的影响。方法采用判断抽样方法,选择广东省珠江三角洲地区58家电子制造企业2676名员工为研究对象,采用《基本情况调查量表》《广泛性焦虑量表》《肌肉骨骼疾患调查量表》调查其夜班轮班作业、焦虑情绪和罹患WMSDs情况,采用多因素logistic回归模型分析夜班轮班作业、焦虑情绪以及两者的交互作用对罹患WMSDs的影响。结果研究对象夜班轮班作业占比为30.3%,焦虑情绪、WMSDs检出率分别为26.8%和41.3%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,在排除年龄、婚姻状况、企业规模和工龄等混杂因素的影响后,夜班轮班作业和焦虑情绪均为研究对象罹患WMSDs的独立危险因素[优势比(OR)及其95%置信区间(CI)分别为1.307(1.092~1.564)、3.282(2.739~3.934),P值均<0.01];与非夜班轮班作业合并无焦虑情绪人群比较,单独夜班轮班作业、单独焦虑情绪、夜班轮班作业合并焦虑情绪人群罹患WMSDs的风险更高[OR及其95%CI分别为1.347(1.091~1.663)、3.395(2.727~4.227)、4.117(3.072~5.519),P值均<0.01]。结论夜班轮班作业和焦虑情绪均可增加电子制造业员工罹患WMSDs的风险,两者对其罹患WMSDs的风险可能存在协同作用。Objective To analyze the effect of night-shift work,anxiety and their interaction on work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs)among electronics manufacturing employees.Methods A total of 2676 employees from 58 electronic manufacturing enterprises in the Pearl River Delta region of Guangdong Province were selected as the research subjects using the judgment sampling method.The Basic Situation Survey Scale,Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale and Questionnaire of Musculoskeletal Disorders were used to assess night-shift work,anxiety and the prevalence of WMSDs in employees.The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the effects of night-shift work,anxiety and their combined effects on the risk of WMSDs.Results The proportion of night-shift work was 30.3%,and the detection rates of anxiety and WMSDs were 26.8%and 41.3%,respectively.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that night-shift work and anxiety were independent risk factors of WMSDs in the research subjects,after excluding the influence of confounding factors such as age,marital status,enterprise size and length of service[odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI)were 1.307(1.092-1.564)and 3.282(2.739-3.934),respectively,both P<0.01].Compared with those without night-shift work or anxiety,the risk of WMSDs was higher in individuals with only night-shift work,only anxiety,or both night-shift work and anxiety[OR and 95%CI were 1.347(1.091-1.663),3.395(2.727-4.227)and 4.117(3.072-5.519),respectively,all P<0.01].Conclusion Both night-shift work and anxiety can increase the risk of WMSDs among electronic manufacturing employees,and these two factors exhibit a synergistic effect in increasing the risk of WMSDs.

关 键 词：电子制造业 夜班轮班作业 焦虑情绪 工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患 交互作用 协同作用 

分 类 号：R135.99[医药卫生—劳动卫生]