广东省2006—2022年职业性手臂振动病流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of occupational hand-arm vibration disease in Guangdong Province,2006-2022

作　　者：金佳纯[1] 潘炜仪 夏冰[1] 王姝 周珊宇[1] 向小珍 杨爱初[1] JIN Jiachun;PAN Weiyi;XIA Bing;WANG Su;ZHOU Shanyu;XIANG Xiaozhen;YANG Aichu(Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院,广东广州510300 [2]南方医科大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510515

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2024年第5期523-527,共5页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家临床重点专科建设项目(2011-09);广东省自然科学基金(A2024633)。

摘　　要：目的分析广东省2006—2022年职业性手臂振动病(OHAVD)的流行病学特征。方法通过“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”子系统“职业病及健康危害因素监测信息系统”的《职业病报告卡》和《疑似职业病报告卡》,收集广东省2006—2022年新发OHAVD病例和疑似职业病病例资料,分析新发OHAVD的流行病学特征和相关疑似职业病报告情况。结果广东省2006—2022年共报告660例新发OHAVD病例;历年病例数量呈阶段性波动趋势。新发OHAVD病例中,男性占98.64%;年龄中位数为38岁,手传振动作业工龄中位数为8.7年。新发OHAVD病例主要分布于珠江三角洲地区的中山市、东莞市、广州市、深圳市和佛山市,共占99.25%。98.79%病例分布在制造业企业;83.18%病例分布在港、澳、台商投资企业;92.73%病例分布在大中型企业。660例新发OHAVD病例分布于440家企业,但存在一定的群体性发病的特点;有20家企业(占企业总数的4.55%)病例数量≥3例,涉及219例病例,占33.18%;其中5家企业病例数量>10例,达12~56例。2014—2022年382例新发OHAVD病例中,44.24%在确诊前被判定为疑似职业病;其中,由职业健康检查机构判定者占59.76%(101/169)。结论广东省新发OHAVD在地区分布、行业分布、企业经济类型和企业规模上呈现一定的聚集性,且存在群体性发病的风险;建议加强对珠江三角洲地区、制造业企业男性手传振动作业工人的OHAVD预防控制工作。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of occupational hand-arm vibration disease(OHAVD)in Guangdong Province from 2006 to 2022.Methods The data of newly reported OHAVD cases and suspected occupational disease cases in Guangdong Province from 2006 to 2022 was collected from the Report Card of Occupational Diseases and Report Card of Suspected Occupational Diseases using Occupational Diseases and Health Hazard Factors Monitoring Information System under China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.Epidemiological characteristics of the newly reported OHAVD cases and related suspected occupational disease reports were analyzed.Results A total of 660 newly reported OHAVD cases were reported in Guangdong Province from 2006 to 2022.The number of cases showed a periodic fluctuating trend over the years.Males accounted for 98.64%of the newly reported OHAVD cases with a median age of 38 years and a median hand-transmitted vibration exposure period of 8.7 years.These cases were predominantly distributed in the Pearl River Delta region,including Zhongshan City,Dongguan City,Guangzhou City,Shenzhen City and Foshan City,accounting for 99.25%.The manufacturing enterprises had 98.79%of the cases,investment enterprises of Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan merchants of China had 83.18%of the cases,and large-and medium-sized enterprises had 92.73%of the cases.The 660 cases were distributed in 440 enterprises,but there were some characteristics of group outbreaks.There were 20 enterprises(4.55%of the total number of enterprises)had more than three cases involving 219 cases(33.18%).There were five enterprises which had more than 10 cases and the cases number ranged from 12 to 56.Among 382 newly reported OHAVD cases from 2014 to 2022,44.24%were identified as suspected occupational diseases before diagnosis,of which 59.76%(101/169)were determined by occupational health inspection institutions.Conclusion Newly reported OHAVD cases in Guangdong Province were aggregated in terms of regional distribution,industry,en

关 键 词：手臂振动病 职业病 流行病学特征 地区 行业 企业 聚集性 群体性 

分 类 号：R135.99[医药卫生—劳动卫生]