放射工作人员眼晶状体混浊分析  

Analysis of lens opacity in radiation workers

作　　者：王怡 王恰[1] 李万康 蓝云英 杨爱初[1] 郭集军[1] WANG Yi;WANG Qia;LI Wankang;LAN Yunyin;YANG Aichu;GUO Jijun(Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院,广东广州510300 [2]山西医科大学公共卫生学院,山西太原030001

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2024年第5期598-600,F0003,共4页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金(C2022029)。

摘　　要：目的分析放射工作人员眼晶状体混浊情况。方法采用方便抽样方法,选择2017—2023年进行职业健康检查的46733人次在岗放射工作人员为放射组,以同期19944人次无电离辐射接触人员为对照组。比较2组人员眼晶状体混浊情况。结果放射组人群眼晶状体混浊率高于对照组(6.27%vs 3.95%,P<0.01);2017、2021—2023年各年度女性放射组人群眼晶状体混浊率均高于男性(9.36%vs 6.76%,8.06%vs 6.58%,8.12%vs 6.96%,5.32%vs 4.37%,P值均<0.05);2017和2018年放射组人群眼晶状体混浊检出率均随年龄的增加而增加(P值均<0.01);2019—2023年各年度放射组人群眼晶状体混浊检出率均随年龄和放射作业工龄的增加而增加(P值均<0.01);2017、2019、2020、2022年医疗组人群眼晶状体混浊率均高于其他组(P值均<0.05)。结论放射工作人员眼晶状体混浊率与其年龄和放射作业工龄存在剂量-效应关系,女性和从事医疗照射的放射工作人员眼晶状体混浊率相对较高。Objective To analyze the incidence of lens opacity in radiation workers.Methods A total of 46733 radiation onthe-job workers who underwent occupational medical examinations from 2017 to 2023 were selected as the radiation group,and 19944 non-ionizing radiation exposed workers in same period were selected as the control group using a convenient sampling method.The lens opacity of workers was compared between these two groups.Results The incidence of lens opacity in workers of the radiation group was higher than that in the control group(6.27%vs 3.95%,P<0.01).The annual incidence of lens opacity among female radiation workers was higher than that of male workers in 2017 and 2021 to 2023(9.36%vs 6.76%,8.06%vs 6.58%,8.12%vs 6.96%,5.32%vs 4.37%,all P<0.05).In 2017 and 2018,the incidence of lens opacity in workers of radiation group increased with age(all P<0.01).From 2019 to 2023,the annual incidence of lens opacity in the radiation group increased with both age and length of radiation work experience(all P<0.01).In 2017,2019,2020,and 2022,the incidence of lens opacity was higher among the medical group compared with other groups(all P<0.05).Conclusion There is a dose-effect relationship between the incidence of lens opacity and both age and length of service in radiation among radiation workers.The incidence of lens opacity is relatively higher among female workers and those engaged in medical radiation.

关 键 词：放射工作人员 电离辐射 晶状体混浊 白内障 职业健康 

分 类 号：R135.92[医药卫生—劳动卫生]