基于表型性状鉴定及SSR分子标记分析芜菁种质资源遗传多样性  

Genetic diversity analysis of major nutritional growth traits in 74 turnip germplasm resources

作　　者：王帆 李玉姗 王威[2,3] 邓超宏 赵连佳[2,3] 马越 肖菁[2,4] 庄红梅 许红军 WANG Fan;LI Yushan;WANG Wei;DENG Chaohong;ZHAO Lianjia;MA Yue;XIAO Jing;ZHUANG Hongmei;Xu Hongjun(College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Xinjiang Ailinur Agricultural Technology Development Co.,Ltd,Aksu Xinjiang 843600,China;Urumqi Sub-Center for DUS Testing of New Varieties of Plants,MARA,Urumqi 830091,China;Institute of Horticultural Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]农业农村部植物新品种测试(乌鲁木齐)分中心,乌鲁木齐830091 [4]国家中亚特色作物种质资源中期库(乌鲁木齐),乌鲁木齐830091 [5]新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第11期2601-2613,共13页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业农村部科技发展中心项目“申请保护品种DUS测试及已知品种数据库维护”;国家自然科学基金项目(31960600);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2022B02058);新疆维吾尔自治区财政专项种业发展项目“农作物种质资源鉴定与评价”(NZJ2022-3);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目(2022D01A268)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析新疆地方芜菁种质资源的遗传多样性,为芜菁新品种的研发及芜菁产品的开发应用提供依据。【方法】以74份新疆地方芜菁种质资源为材料,分别利用形态学性状和SSR分子标记分析营养生长期的表型性状鉴定和遗传多样性。【结果】74份芜菁种质资源的主要质量性状具有丰富的变异,其变异系数为14.1%~421.1%,数量性状的变异系数为7.9%~31.6%。株高、株幅与叶长、叶宽、叶柄长均成显著相关或极显著相关。肉质根纵径和肉质根横径与单根重呈极显著相关。在欧氏距离为15时可将供试材料分为4个类群,第一类主要特征为子叶大、基生叶数多,肉质根大,单根最重;第二类群小裂片对数较多,株高较高;第三类群叶片和株幅较大,单根重适中;第四类群子叶、叶片较小,株高较低,单根重较低。74份芜菁资源分为三大类,大部分同一来源地的资源聚在一个类群中。【结论】新疆地方芜菁种质资源具有较丰富的遗传多样性。【Objective】To further understand the genetic diversity of local turnip germplasm resources in Xinjiang,which can provide a certain foundation for the development and application of new turnip varieties and turnip products.【Methods】74 local turnip germplasm resources in Xinjiang were used as materials to determine 31 traits such as plant traits and fleshy root traits at different nutritional growth stages.Correlation analysis,principal component analysis,cluster analysis,and SSR molecular marker technology were used to analyze the genetic diversity of turnip resources.【Results】The main quality traits of 74 turnip germplasm resources had rich variation,with a coefficient of variation range of 14.1%to 421.1%,and a coefficient of variation range of 7.9%to 31.6%for quantitative traits.A simple correlation analysis was conducted on quantitative traits.There was a significant or extremely significant correlation between plant height,plant width,and leaf length,leaf width,and petiole length.The longitudinal and transverse stems of fleshy roots were highly significantly correlated with single root weight.At an Euclidean distance of 15,the test materials could be divided into four groups.By using SSR molecular markers and selecting 20 pairs of primers with good amplification ability.Most of the resources from the same source region were clustered in one group.【Conclusion】The local turnip germplasm resources in Xinjiang have relatively rich genetic diversity.

关 键 词：芜菁 表型性状 SSR 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S631.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]