不同吸附剂缓解二甲戊乐灵对小麦药害的效果  

The effects of different adsorbents in alleviating drug injury of wheat

作　　者：艾合买提江·买买提 颜宇 张广杰 徐安东 张帅 孟卓 付饶 马德英[2] Aihemaitijiang Maimaiti;YAN Yu;ZHANG Guangjie;XU Andong;ZHANG Shuai;MENG Zhuo;FU Rao;MA Deying(Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830049,China;College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区农药检定所,乌鲁木齐830049 [2]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第11期2779-2786,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2022B02046);“天山英才”计划第三期培养计划项目。

摘　　要：【目的】探究其对受二甲戊乐灵胁迫下小麦生长发育的影响。【方法】采用田间盆栽的方式,以虫砂、生物炭以及粉煤灰作为吸附剂,复配微生物菌剂的方式,设计不同施用量的虫砂(1500、3000 kg/hm^(2))、不同施用量的生物炭(300、600 kg/hm^(2))、粉煤灰(6000 kg/hm^(2))三种吸附剂复配十二菌医(150 kg/hm^(2))、菌淋田下(6 kg/hm^(2))、腐植酸(3 kg/hm^(2)),设置除草剂CK、清水CK 2组对照组,共25个处理。【结果】3000 kg/hm^(2)虫砂+150 kg/hm^(2)十二菌医处理小麦株高抑制率为所有处理组中最低的,为-2.99%;其次为3000 kg/hm^(2)虫砂+6 kg/hm^(2)菌淋田下,小麦株高抑制率为-3.10%,其小麦株高均显著高于除草剂CK,且高于清水CK,茎粗为1500 kg/hm^(2)虫砂+150 kg/hm^(2)十二菌医最优,茎粗达到2.56 cm。叶绿素指标上,300 kg/hm^(2)生物炭+6 kg/hm^(2)菌淋田下的SPAD值最高,为45.76,其次是3000 kg/hm^(2)虫砂,SPAD值为45.56,均高于2组对照组。盆栽单盆产量最高的为3000 kg/hm^(2)虫砂,其次为3000 kg/hm^(2)虫砂+十二菌医,相比除草剂CK高出60.01%、54.59%。相比清水CK高出52.50%、47.33%。【结论】吸附剂复配微生物的方式可以促进二甲戊乐灵胁迫下小麦的生长发育及产量,3000 kg/hm^(2)虫砂+150 kg/hm^(2)十二菌医、3000 kg/hm^(2)虫砂+6 kg/hm^(2)菌淋田下2组处理均可显著增加小麦株高,缓解二甲戊乐灵对小麦的药害影响,3000kg/hm^(2)虫砂、3000kg/hm^(2)虫砂+150 kg/hm^(2)十二菌医处理显著提高小麦产量。【Objective】Biochar and fly ash on wheat growth and development under the stress of dimetolalin by using them as adsorbents.【Methods】Through field potted plants,to study the effects of insect dung sand,three kinds of adsorbent doses of insect dung sand(1,500,3,000 kg/hm^(2)),biochar(300,600 kg/hm^(2)),fly ash(6,000 kg/hm^(2))were combined with dodecamethium(150 kg/hm^(2)),bacterioline(6 kg/hm^(2)),humic acid(3 kg/hm^(2)),and herbicides CK and water CK were treated with a total of 25 treatments.【Results】The results showed that the inhibition rate of height of medical treatment of 3,000 kg/hm+150 kg/hm was the lowest among all treatment groups,which was-2.99%.The inhibition rate of plant height was-3.10%,which was significantly higher than that of herbicide CK and that of water CK.In terms of stem diameter,1,500 kg/hm^(2)worm sand+150 kg/hm^(2)dodecobacterium was the best,and the stem diameter reached 2.56cm.In terms of chlorophyll index,the SPAD value of 300 kg/hm^(2)biochar+6kg/hm^(2)bacteria under the field was the highest(45.76),followed by the SPAD value of 3,000 kg/hm^(2)insect dung sand(45.56),both of which were higher than those of the two control groups.The highest single pot yield was 3000 kg/hm^(2)insect dung sand,followed by 3,000 kg/hm^(2)insect dung sand+Decardiac medicine,which was 60.01%and 54.59%higher than that of herbicide CK.Compared with CK water,it was 52.50%and 47.33%higher.【Conclusion】It was shown that the combination of adsorbent and microbe could promote the growth,development and yield of wheat under the stress of dimepenalline.The treatments of 3,000 kg/hm^(2)insect dung sand+150 kg/hm^(2)twelve fungus medicine and 3,000 kg/hm^(2)insect dung sand+6 kg/hm^(2)bacteria in the field could significantly increase the plant height of wheat.The effect of dimepenalline on wheat is alleviated.Medical treatment with 3,000 kg/hm^(2)insect dung sand and 3,000 kg/hm^(2)insect dung sand+150 kg/hm^(2)decadicum significantly increase wheat yield.

关 键 词：白星花金龟虫砂 吸附剂 缓解药害 小麦 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]