制度型开放与中国企业出口产品质量:以技术标准协调为视角  

The Impact of Standards Institutional Opening Up on Product Quality of Chinese Firms' Exports:Based on The Perspective of Technical Standards Harmonization

作　　者：李文文 郎丽华[1] LI Wenwen;LANG Lihua

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学经济学院

出　　处：《世界经济研究》2025年第1期30-42,M0002,M0003,共15页World Economy Studies

摘　　要：文章基于技术标准协调视角,从理论上分析了标准制度型开放通过成本互补效应和需求效应促进企业出口产品质量升级;并使用中国海关数据和Searle中心数据从实证上检验了标准制度型开放对中国企业出口产品质量的影响。研究发现,技术标准协调能提高中国企业出口产品质量。在使用两阶段最小二乘法和Heckman两步法处理内生性问题以及一系列稳健性检验后,该结论依然成立。异质性分析发现,只有规模较大的企业选择采用跨国协调的技术标准并提升出口产品质量;测试、质量、安全、环境、术语、组件和测量类型的标准协调能显著促进出口产品质量升级;国内商品市场的地方保护会抑制技术标准协调对出口产品质量的促进作用;加工贸易方式、外资所有制和较长出口存在时长更能强化技术标准协调对出口产品质量的促进作用。文章研究结论为制度型开放提供建设新思路,对于加快全国统一大市场建设和推进对外贸易高质量发展具有政策启示。Based on the perspective of technical standards harmonization,the article theoretically analyzes how standards institutional opening up promotes firms' export product quality upgrading through the cost complementarity effect and the demand effect.Using China Customs data and Searle Center data,it empirically examines the impact of standards institutional opening up on the quality of Chinese firms' export products.It is found that technical standard harmonization improves the quality of Chinese firms' export products.The result is robust after using two-stage least squares and heckman two-step methods to address endogeneity issues and a series of robustness tests.Heterogeneity analysis shows that only larger firms choose to adopt cross-country harmonized technical standards and improve export product quality.The harmonization of standards for testing,quality,safety,environment,terminology,components,and measurement types significantly contributes to export product quality upgrading.Local protection in domestic commodity markets inhibits the promotion of technical standards harmonization on export product quality.The processing trade pattern,foreign ownership and longer export presence strengthen the promotion effect of technical standards harmonization on export product quality.The conclusions of the study provide new ideas for the construction of institutional opening up and have policy implications for accelerating the construction of a unified national market and promoting the high-quality development of foreign trade.

关 键 词：推荐性标准 出口产品品质 产品标准 国内统一大市场 

分 类 号：F752.62[经济管理—国际贸易] F273.2[经济管理—产业经济]