政策效力到转型成效:地方政府低碳试点政策促进区域绿色转型的模式与路径——基于首批试点省份的多案例比较  

Policy Effectiveness to Transformation Effectiveness:The Model and Path of Local Government Low-carbon Pilot Policies to Promote Regional Green Transformation——Multi-case Comparison Based on the First Batch of Pilot Province

作　　者：司林波 张丰 Si Linbo;Zhang Feng

机构地区：[1]西北大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《行政与法》2025年第2期1-19,共19页Administration and Law

基　　金：研究阐释党的二十大精神国家社科基金重大项目“基于‘制度-效能’转化的现代环境治理体系研究”,项目编号:23ZDA108;陕西省社会科学基金项目“‘双碳’目标下加快陕西‘十四五’时期绿色低碳转型的生态保护路径与政策体系研究”,项目编号:2022R003。

摘　　要：随着生态文明理念与绿色低碳治理目标的深度融合,低碳试点政策的绿色转型成效逐渐显现,但具体到不同地方也表现出显著差异。以政策反馈理论和行动者网络理论为基础,构建“政策效力—行动网络—转型成效”分析框架,对首批低碳试点省份的实践案例进行经验总结和类型学研究。研究发现,资源效应下低碳政策的持续创新与完善,行动主体利益联结对良性互动合作的激励,以及减污降碳扩绿增长的有效协同是试点省份低碳政策促进区域绿色转型的共性经验,试点省份在政策效力、行动网络构建等方面的不同也导致了转型成效方面的差异。以核心主体、政府角色、政策压力和市场激励等核心驱动要素特征为标准,可以将地方政府低碳试点政策促进区域绿色转型的模式分为政府主导与市场激励相结合的双轮驱动型、政策压力下企业带动的源头控制型和政府主导与政策压力下的组织依赖型三种类型,且不同转型模式在应用情景、制约因素、关键问题上呈现出不同的适用特征。同时,各个模式在政策反馈的时效性、行动主体的参与度以及行动网络联结方式的创新性等方面还面临有待突破的现实瓶颈,可从具有普适特征的一般路径和特定情境下的特殊路径两个层面寻求因应之策。With the deep integration of the concept of ecological civilization and the goal of green low-carbon governance,the green transformation effect of low-carbon pilot policies has gradually emerged.Based on the policy feedback theory and the actor network theory,the analysis framework of"policy effectiveness-action network-transformation effectiveness"is constructed,and the experience summary and typology research are carried out on the practical cases of the first batch of low-carbon pilot provinces.The study found that the continuous innovation and improvement of low-carbon policies under the resource effect,the incentive of the interest linkage of actors to benign interaction and cooperation,and the effective coordination of pollution reduction,carbon reduction and green growth are the common experiences of pilot provinces in promoting regional green transformation.At the same time,the differences in policy effectiveness and action network construction in pilot provinces also lead to differences in transformation effectiveness.Based on the characteristics of core driving factors such as core subject,government role,policy pressure and market incentive,the model of local government low-carbon pilot policy to promote regional green transformation can be divided into three types:two-wheel drive type combined with government leading and market incentive,source control type driven by enterprises under policy pressure,and organization dependence type under government leading and policy pressure.Different transformation models show diferent application characteristics in application scenarios,constraints and key issues.At the same time,each model still faces practical bottlenecks to be broken through in terms of the timeliness of policy feedback,the participation of actors,and the innovation of action network linkages.It can seek countermeasures from the general path with universal characteristics and the special path in specific situations.

关 键 词：地方政府 低碳试点政策 政策效力 绿色转型 转型成效 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程] D035[政治法律—政治学]