“工分+排名”何以有效激励干部担当作为?——基于K县基层干部实绩考评的案例分析  

How Can"Work Points+Ranking"Effectively Motivate Cadres to Take on Responsibilities?——A Case Study Based on the Performance Appraisal of Grassroots Cadres in County K

作　　者：李梦瑶 刘小康 Li Mengyao;Liu Xiaokang

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)国家治理教研部 [2]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)国家治理教研部国家治理体系教研室

出　　处：《行政与法》2025年第2期117-128,共12页Administration and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“地方党政同责制的运作机制及其优化研究”,项目编号:24CZZ012。

摘　　要：政绩考核制度是国家治理体系的重要制度,越来越多的研究探讨了政绩考核及机制设计在干部行为和国家治理中的逻辑特征与影响机制。然而,学界关于基层创新实践破解干部“躺平”和考核难题的研究较少。基于K县“工分+排名”基层干部实绩考评的单案例分析,提炼出“能力甄别-声誉效应-遵从成本”理论分析框架,即提供多元化能力组合、隐性激励机制以及问责成本具体化、定量化,来理解政绩考核机制在激励干部担当作为中的有效性。研究发现,为更好发挥政绩考核机制的“指挥棒”作用,需进一步科学优化干部考核评价体系,以“能力指标”多元化应对考核目标多元化;建立可操作化的容错纠错机制,通过构筑“容错边界”降低问责与遵从成本;落实考核结果运用,畅通能上能下渠道。以生动案例呈现出在常规任务情境下政绩考核机制创新对基层干部的激励作用,有助于丰富破解“为官不为”治理困境的学术思考,为优化干部评价考核机制提出对策建议,为健全容错纠错机制提供政策参考。The performance appraisal system is an important system of national governance,and more and more studies have explored the logical characteristics and influence mechanisms of performance appraisal system in cadre behavior and national governance.However,there are fewer studies on grassroots innovative practices to solve the problems of cadres'"laying flat"and dilemma of performance appraisal.Based on the single case analysis of"work points+ranking"grassroots cadres'performance appraisal in County K,we have extracted the theoretical framework of"ability screening-reputation effect-compliance cost",which provides diversified ability combinations,implicit incentives,and specific and quantitative costs of accountability,to understand the impact of the performance appraisal mechanism on cadres'behavior and national governance.It is necessary to further optimize the cadre assessment and evaluation system in a scientific way,and to respond to the diversification of assessment objectives with the diversification of"competence indicators";to establish an operable mechanism for fault tolerance and correction,and to reduce the cost of accountability and compliance by constructing a"fault-tolerant boundary";and to implement the application of assessment results,and to open the channels for upward and downward movement.This study presents the incentive effect of the innovation of performance appraisal mechanism on grass-roots cadres in the context of routine tasks with vivid cases,which helps to enrich the academic thinking on cracking the governance dilemma of"not doing anything for the oficials",put forward countermeasures and suggestions for optimizing the evaluation and assessment mechanism of cadres,and provide policy references for the sound mechanism of tolerating and correcting mistakes.

关 键 词：政绩考核 激励 问责 基层干部 

分 类 号：D668[政治法律—政治学]