向心关节轴承包围式单边挤压成形工艺数值模拟与实验验证  

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Verification of the Enveloping Unilateral Extrusion Forming Process for Radial Joint Bearings

作　　者：王伟[1] 庞少雄 丁士杰 杨昊天 于呈呈 WANG Wei;PANG Shaoxiong;DING Shijie;YANG Haotian;YU Chengcheng(School of Metallurgical Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;Ji Hua Laboratory,Foshan 528200,Guangzhou,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,西安710055 [2]季华实验室,广州佛山528200

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第4期193-199,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51975450);陕西省科技新星基金(2021KJXX-32);西安市创新能力强基计划-先进制造技术攻关项目(21XJZZ0031);陕西省教育厅服务地方专项(22JC047);陕西省自然科学基金(2021JQ-946);陕西省重点研发项目(2023-YBGY-383)。

摘　　要：向心关节轴承具有高承载力、耐腐蚀、结构紧凑等优点,被广泛应用于机械传动系统中,为提升向心关节轴承综合性能以应对愈加严苛的使用环境,本研究提出了以17-4PH沉淀硬化不锈钢为轴承外圈的向心关节轴承成形工艺。17-4PH具有较高的强韧性及良好的耐腐蚀性能,但17-4PH的弹性模量小、硬度高的特点导致其轴承外圈塑性成形困难。本研究通过建立以17-4PH为外圈的轴承成形有限元模型,实现对向心关节轴承挤压成形过程的数值模拟,探究在向心关节轴承成形过程中各因素对轴承成形精度和最大成形压力的影响,获得以17-4PH为轴承外圈的包围式单边挤压工艺的成形规律与最佳成形工艺,最终对成形工艺进行试验验证。研究结果表明:通过优化轴承外圈坯料的尺寸和成形距离,可以有效改善由于包围式单边挤压成形造成工艺中轴承外圈的过度挤压和挤压不足等缺陷,为后续向心关节轴承的成形方案制定提供数据参考。Radial joint bearings with high load capacity,corrosion resistance,compact structure and other advantages are widely used in mechanical transmission systems,in order to improve the comprehensive performance of the radial joint bearings to cope with the increasingly harsh use of the environment,this study proposes a 17-4PH precipitation hardening stainless steel for the bearing outer ring of the radial joint bearing molding process.17-4PH has high toughness and good corrosion resistance,however,17-4PH has small modulus of elasticity,high hardness characteristics lead to difficulties in plastic forming of the bearing outer ring.17-4PH is small modulus of elasticity and high hardness lead to difficulties in plastic forming of bearing outer rings.In this study,a finite element model of bearing forming with 17-4PH as the outer ring is established to realize the numerical simulation of the extrusion forming process of centripetal joint bearing,to investigate the influence of various factors on the forming accuracy and maximum forming pressure of the bearing during the forming process of centripetal joint bearing,to obtain the forming rules of the encircling unilateral extrusion process with 17-4PH as the outer ring of the bearing,and to finally carry out the experimental validation of the forming process.The results show that by optimizing the blank size and forming distance of the bearing outer ring,the defects such as over-extrusion and under-extrusion of the bearing outer ring in the encircling unilateral extrusion forming process can be effectively improved,which provides a data reference for the formulation of the subsequent centripetal joint bearing forming plan.

关 键 词：17-4PH不锈钢 向心关节轴承 塑性成形 有限元仿真 

分 类 号：TH133[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]